Fatima bt. al-Imam Ali (a)

Priority: c, Quality: b
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Fatima bt. al-Imam Ali (a)
RoleReporter of the Battle of Karbala
FatherImam Ali (a)
MotherA concubine
Spouse(s)Muhammad b. Abi Sa'id b. 'Aqil (?)
Demise117/735-6


Fāṭima bt. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: فاطمه بنت علی بن ابی طالب) (d. 117/735-6) was among transmitters of hadiths and the captives and reporters of the event of Karbala. Fatima was present in Karbala and after the martyrdom of Imam al-Husayn (a), was taken captive together with other persons remained from the caravan of Imam (a). She transmitted the Hadith al-Manzila and Radd al-Shams. Abu Mikhnaf reported some of the events of Karbala from her through one person.

Lineage

She was from Banu Hashim. Her father was Ali b. Abi Talib (a) and her mother was a concubine.[1]

She married to Muhammad b. Abi Sa'id b. 'Aqil and gave birth to a girl named Hamida.[2] However in a recent source it is mentioned that she was the wife of Abu Sa'id b. 'Aqil and gave birth to Hamida and Muhammad and that Muhammad b. Abi Sa'id was seven years old when he was martyred in the Battle of Karbala.

After the demise of his first husband, she married Sa'id b. Aswad b. Abi al-Bahtari[3] who fathered Barza and Khalid though her.[4] After Sa'id, she married to Mundhir b. 'Ubayda b. al-Zubayr[5] and gave birth to 'Uthman and Kabra.[6] Fatima was alive after Mundhir[7] and passed away in 117/735-6.[8]

Transmitting Hadiths

He transmitted hadith from

The following have transmitted hadiths from her:

Hadiths transmitted by her are mostly about beliefs,[18] ethics[19] and fiqh.[20]

She quoted hadiths of Radd al-Shams[21] and al-Manzila[22] from Asma' bt. 'Umays. It is said that al-Nasa'i and Ibn Maja transmitted hadiths from her.[23]

Battle of Karbala

She was present in the event of Karbala and together with Lady Zaynab (a) and other captives was moved to Damascus.[24] In Yazid's gathering, a Syrian man asked Yazid b. Mu'awiya to give her to him as a slave and it was encountered Zaynab's (a) sharp reaction.[25] Abu Mikhnaf reported this event from her through al-Harith b. Ka'b.[26]

Fatima also reported about Nu'man b. Bashir's good treatment of the captives during their journey from Damascus to Medina. When the caravan of the captives of Karbala arrived in Medina, Fatima asked her sister Zaynab (a), "this man from Syria (Nu'man b. Bashir) treated us well during the journey. Do you want to give him anything?" Zaynab (a) said, "by God, we do not have anything to give him, but our jewelry." Then, they sent Nu'man their bracelets and apologized him. But, Nu'man did not accept them and said, "If what I did was for this world, your jewelry and even less than that would make me happy, however, by God, I did not do it except for the sake of God and your closeness to the Prophet (s)"[27]

In Rayahin al-shari'a, Mahallati expressed surprise about her lack of fame in Shi'i books of rijal.[28]

Notes

  1. Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓam, vol. 5, p. 344.
  2. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 340; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 42, p. 94.
  3. Ibn Ḥabīb al-Baghdādī, al-Muḥabbar, p. 56; Ibn Ḥazm, Jumhurat ansāb al-ʿarab, p. 125.
  4. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 340.
  5. Ibn Ḥabīb al-Baghdādī, al-Muḥabbar, p. 57; Ibn Ḥazm, Jumhurat ansāb al-ʿarab, p. 125.
  6. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 340.
  7. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 340.
  8. Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 7, p. 107.
  9. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 11, p. 667; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 8, p. 340.
  10. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 37, p. 263-268; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 3, p. 1097-1098; Maqrizī, Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ, vol. 5, p. 29.
  11. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 41, p. 159; Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 6, p. 370; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa, vol. 25, p. 201.
  12. Maqrizī, Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ, vol. 5, p. 29.
  13. Barqī, Rijāl, p. 61.
  14. Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 14, p. 207, 249; Nūrī, Mustadrak al-wasāʾil, vol. 3, p. 207.
  15. Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 3, p. 1097-1098; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 37, p. 263.
  16. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 341.
  17. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 41, p. 159; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa, vol. 25, p. 201.
  18. Maqrizī, Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ, vol. 5, p. 29; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 41, p. 177.
  19. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 41, p. 159.
  20. Nūrī, Mustadrak al-wasāʾil, vol. 3, p. 207; vol. 14, p. 249.
  21. Maqrizī, Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ, vol. 5, p. 29; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 41, p. 177.
  22. Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 3, p. 1097-1098; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 37, p. 263-268.
  23. Ṣāliḥī al-Shāmī, Subul al-hudā, vol. 9, p. 435.
  24. Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓam, vol. 5, p. 344; Ibn Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 88; Ibn Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 6, p. 133.
  25. Ibn Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 6, p. 133.
  26. Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 7, p. 107; Abū Mikhnaf, Waqʿat al-ṭaff, p. 48, 271.
  27. Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 462-463; Ibn Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 88.
  28. Maḥallātī, Rayāḥīn al-sharīʿa, vol. 3, p. 308.

References

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