Durust b. Abi Mansur

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Durust b. Abi Mansur
Full NameDurust b. Abi Mansur al-Wasiti
Companion ofImam al-Sadiq (a) and Imam al-Kazim (a)
Place of BirthWasit
Worksan asl


Durust b. Abī Manṣūr al-Wāsiṭī (Arabic: درست بن أبي منصور الواسطي) is a Shi'a narrator of the 2nd/8th century and a companion of Imam al-Sadiq (a) and Imam al-Kazim (a). He also has narrated hadith from the eminent Shi'a muhaddiths. Some members of people of consensus such as: Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Bazanti, al-Hasan b. Mahbub, 'Abd Allah b. Bukayr, and Yunus b. 'Abd al-Rahman have narrated hadith from him. Although he is accused of being a Waqifi, he is counted among the reliable narrators. Some of the hadiths that he has narrated are found in the Four Books. In addition, a book is also narrated from him.

Name

His name is mentioned as Durust b. Abi Mansur in most of the chains of narrations [Durust means "correct" in Persian]. Al-Najashi has recorded his name as Durust b. Abi Mansur Muhammad al-Wasiti.[1] Some have concluded from the phrase of al-Najashi that his name was Muhamamd and Durust was his epithet,[2] on the contrast some other have concluded that Muhammad was the name of his father.[3] He was related to the city of Wasit; thus he was called "al-Wasiti".[4] Al-'Allama al-Hilli[5]mistakenly recorded his father's name as al-Mansur.[6]

Birth and Demise

There is no information about his birth of demise date. However, as he was a companion of Imam al-Sadiq (a) and Imam al-Kazim (a), he lived in the 2nd century.[7]

Authenticity

Some say that he was Waqifi[8] and thus he is a Da'if (weak) narrator.[9] Bihbahani says it is doubtful that he was Waqifi and narration of Ibn Abi 'Umayr from him shows that he was a reliable (Thiqa) narrator.[10]

Moreover, faqihs have trusted the hadiths narrated by him and issued fatwas based on these hadiths.[11] Al-Khoei says the narration of Ali b. Husayn al-Tatari from him and being mentioned in the chains of narrators in Tafsir al-Qummi prove that he was a reliable (Thiqa) narrator.[12]

Nevertheless, some believe that this evidence does not contradict with the fact that he was Waqifi.

In al-Kutub al-Arba'a

About 140 hadiths have been narrated from him in al-Kutub al-Arba'a (the Four Books).[13] In addition, some hadiths are narrated from him in other hadith books, such as: al-Mahasin, written by al-Barqi,[14] Basa'ir al-darajat, written by Saffar al-Qummi,[15] al-Amali, written by al-Shaykh al-Saduq.[16]

Narrators

Except for a few hadiths that he has narrated directly from Imam al-Sadiq (a)[17] and Imam al-Kazim (a),[18] he has narrated the rest via the renowned companions of Imam al-Baqir (a), Imam al-Sadiq (a) or Imam al-Kazim (a). Some of them are as follow:

Four members of Ashab al-Ijma': Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Bazanti, Hasan b. Mahbub, 'Abd Allah b. Bukayr and Yunus b. 'Abd al-Rahman, and other Muhaddiths have narrated hadith from him.[19]

Works

Durust had a book that al-Najashi[20] and al-Tusi[21] have mentioned their path to it. Al-Shaykh al-Saduq also mentioned his path to the book in al-Mashyakha.[22]

Probably this book is the main book that is called al-Usul al-sitat 'ashar, after that 15 Asls were added to it. Al-Majlisi did not mention the Asl of Durust and did not quote anything from it; perhaps the manuscripts of al-Usul al-sitat 'ashar that was available at his time did not contain this Asl. Mahmudi[23] says it is likely that the seller of these manuscripts have removed the incomplete version of this Asl from the beginning of al-Usul al-sitat 'ashar to hide the flaw of these manuscripts. The first person who added this Asl to al-Usul al-sitat 'ashar again is Nasr Allah Qazwini. He put this Asl at beginning of al-Usul al-sitat 'ashar and probably at its original place, as the evidence and the date of transcription prove this.[24]

This Asl consists of 62 hadiths about jurisprudence, ethics, theology and exegesis of the Qur'an. Only two of these hadiths is narrated form Durust in other Shi'a hadith sources,[25] although about one third of these hadiths are narrated form other narrators in hadith books.

Hadiths

Narrated hadiths from Durust are mostly jurisprudential and relate to different topics, such as: ghusl,[26] salat,[27] zakat,[28] hajj,[29] enjoining good[30] marriage[31] and inheritance.[32]

However, some hadiths about theology,[33] ethics,[34] history,[35] etiquettes of eating,[36] food properties, merits of Suras and exegesis of the Qur'an[37] have been narrated form him.

Notes

  1. ↑ Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, p. 162.
  2. ↑ Muwaḥḥid Abṭahī, Tahdhīb al-maqāl, vol. 5, p. 544; Shūshtarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, vol. 4, p. 275.
  3. ↑ Subḥānī, Mawsūʿat ṭabaqāt al-fuqahāʾ, vol. 2, p. 195.
  4. ↑ Kashshī, Ikhtīyār maʿrifat al-rijāl, p. 556; Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, p. 162; Ṭūsī, Fihrist kutub al-Shīʿa, p. 186.
  5. ↑ Ḥillī, Khulāṣat al-aqwāl, p. 346.
  6. ↑ Ḥillī, Īḍāḥ al-ishtibah, p. 181.
  7. ↑ Barqī, Kitāb al-Rijāl, p. 48-49; Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, p. 162; Ṭūsī, al-Rijāl al-Ṭūsī, p. 203, 236.
  8. ↑ Kashshī, Ikhtīyār maʿrifat al-rijāl, p. 556; Ṭūsī, al-Rijāl al-Ṭūsī, p. 336; Ibn Dāwūd al-Ḥillī, Kitāb al-rijāl, p. 530.
  9. ↑ Ḥillī, Khulāṣat al-aqwāl, p. 34; Ibn Dāwūd al-Ḥillī, Kitāb al-rijāl, p. 452; Jazāʾirī, Hāwi l-aqwāl fī maʿrifat al-rijāl, vol. 3, p. 460; Āmilī, Istiqṣā' al-iʿtibār, vol. 1, p. 239; Majlisī, al-Wajīza fī al-rijāl, p. 78.
  10. ↑ Bihbahānī, Taʿliqāt ʿalā manhaj al-maqāl, p. 238; Khoeī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 7, p. 142.
  11. ↑ Ḥillī, Mukhtalaf al-Shīʿa, vol. 3, p. 162, 248; Ābī, Kashf al-rumūz, vol. 1, p. 134-135.
  12. ↑ Khoeī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 7, p. 141.
  13. ↑ Khoeī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 7, p. 139, 142-143; Ardabīlī, Jāmiʿ al-ruwāt, vol. 1, p. 310-311.
  14. ↑ Barqī, Kitāb al-maḥāsin, vol. 1, p. 193, 204; vol. 2, p. 356, 373.
  15. ↑ Ṣaffār, Baṣā'ir al-darajāt, p. 467, 513.
  16. ↑ Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, p. 92, 249, 636.
  17. ↑ Barqī, Kitāb al-Rijāl, vol. 2, p. 522-524; Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 2, p. 218, 623; vol. 6, p. 319, 371, 374, 488, 538.
  18. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 1, p. 445; vol. 2, p. 158; vol. 3, p. 114; vol. 6, p. 48; Ṣadūq, Kamāl al-dīn wa itmām al-niʿma, vol. 1, p. 76, vol. 2, p. 665.
  19. ↑ Khoeī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 7, p. 139-140, 142.
  20. ↑ Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, p. 162.
  21. ↑ Ṭūsī, Fihrist kutub al-Shīʿa, p. 186.
  22. ↑ Ṣadūq, Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh, vol. 4, p. 477-478.
  23. ↑ al-ʿUṣūl al-sitta ʿashar, introduction, p. 60-61.
  24. ↑ al-ʿUṣūl al-sitta ʿashar, p. 297.
  25. ↑ al-ʿUṣūl al-sitta ʿashar, p. 297, 281.
  26. ↑ Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-aḥkām, vol. 1, p. 366.
  27. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 3, p. 340.
  28. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 3, p. 519, 554; Ṣadūq, Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh, vol. 2, p. 31; Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-aḥkām, vol. 4, p. 32, 46.
  29. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 3, p. 293, 246-247; Ṣadūq, Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh, vol. 2, p. 317, 380; Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-aḥkām, vol. 5, p. 26, 295.
  30. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 5, p. 58.
  31. ↑ Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-aḥkām, vol. 9, p. 235, 251; Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 5, p. 358.
  32. ↑ Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-aḥkām, vol. 7, p. 82, 120; Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 7, p. 82, 120.
  33. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 1, p. 151, 152, 164; Ṣadūq, al-Tawḥīd, p. 339, 343, 365, 411-412.
  34. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 2, p. 91, 158-159, 218, 315, 331; vol. 6, p. 48.
  35. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 1, p. 445, 448.
  36. ↑ Barqī, Kitāb al-maḥāsin, vol. 2, p. 398, 403-404; Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 6, p. 269, 306, 316.
  37. ↑ Qummī, Tafsīr al-Qummī, vol. 2, 623, Ḥuwayzī, Nūr al-thaqalayn, vol. 2, p. 380.

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