Aban b. Abi Ayyash

Edit links
Priority: c, Quality: b
From wikishia
Aban b. Abi Ayyash al-Basri al-Tabi'i
Full NameFiruz al-Basri al-Tabi'i
Companion ofImam al-Sajjad (a) • Imam al-Baqir (a) • Imam al-Sadiq (a)
TeknonymAbu Isma'il
Well Known AsAban b. Abi Ayyash
Death/Martyrdom138/755-6


Abān b. Abī ʿAyyāsh (Fīrūz) al-Baṣrī al-Tābiʿī (Arabic:اَبان بن ابی‌عَیاش(فیروز) البصری التابعی) (d. 138/755-6) known as Abān b. Abī ʿAyyāsh was a hadith scholar in the 2nd/8th century after Bi'that. Al-Shaykh al-Tusi considered him a companion of Imam al-Sajjad (a), Imam al-Baqir (a) and Imam al-Sadiq (a). He is mostly famous among Shi'ite Muslims due to narrating from Sulaym b. Qays. He was regarded as a true virtuous and religious man by everyone including Sunni Muslims.

Birth and Demise

His name is Aban b. Abi 'Ayyash or Aban b. Firuz. And his teknonym was Abu Isma'il.[1]

There is not enough information on the time and place of birth of Aban b. Abi Ayyash, it is only said that he was a slave of Abd al-Qays.[2] He passed away about 140/757-8 or 128/745-6.[3]

Teachers

Aban b. Abi Ayyash has narrated from famous earlier hadith scholars.

He has mostly narrated from Anas b. Malik, companion and servant of Prophet Muhammad (s).[7]

Narrations from Him

Many hadith scholars in the 2nd/8th century have learned hadiths or narrated hadiths from him.

  • 'Umar b. Hafs
  • Yazid b. 'Amr[8]
  • 'Uthman b. 'Isa
  • Hammad b. 'Isa al-Juhani[9]
  • Ibrahim b. Abi Bakra al-Shami
  • Ibrahim b. Abd al-Hamid b. Dhi Himaya
  • Abu Ishaq Ibrahim b. Muhammad Fazazi
  • Artat b. Mundhir
  • Bakr b. Khunays
  • Al-Harith b. Nabhan
  • Husayn b. Abi Ja'far
  • Hasan b. Salih b. Hay
  • Hafs b. Jumi'
  • Hafs b. 'Umar al-Abar (Judge of Aleppo)
  • Hammad b. Salma
  • Hammad b. Waqid
  • Khalil b. Mura
  • Dawud b. Zabarqan
  • Zayd b. Khirash
  • Salih Murri
  • Tu'ma b. Amr Ja'fari
  • 'Ibad b. 'Ibad Muhlibi
  • Abd al-Rahman b. Thabit Thawban
  • Abd al-Rahim b. Waqid
  • 'Umran Juhada
  • Muhammad b. Fadl b. Atiyya
  • Mu'ammar b. Rashid
  • [Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man b. Thabit]]
  • Yazid b. Harun
  • Abu Asim Ibadani[10]

In the Perspective of Rijal Scholars

Neither Shi'ite nor Sunni rijal scholars regarded Aban b. Abi 'Ayyash thiqa (reliable).[11] However some recent Shi'ite rijal scholars including Mirza Husayn Nuri[12] and 'Abd Allah Mamaqani[13] tried to prove that Ibn Abi 'Ayyash was thiqa which is not accepted. Generally, well-known Sunni hadith scholars considered him unreliable.[14]

Why he was not Thiqa

There is not any decisive evidence to reject the acceptance of Aban b. Abi Ayyash as thiqa (reliable hadith narrator). Mirza Husayn Nuri believed Abi Ayyash was a Shi'ite narrator, his opponents tried to marginalize him,[15] but such statement is not accurate according to Shi'ite rijal books.

Some Sunni rijal scholars did not accept Abi Ayyash as a reliable narrator, as he was weak at memorizing hadiths[16] and had a habit of forgetting the name of narrators and hadiths' content.[17]

Characteristics

Aban b. Abi Ayyash is unanimously accepted as a virtuous and a true believer, especially among Sunnis. According to Ibn Habban, Abi Ayyash was a devoted believer who fasted during the day and worshiped God during the night.[18] He paid attention to his appearance and wore decent and pure clothes. Accordingly, Sufyan b. 'Uyayna narrated that Malik b. Dinar entitled Aban b. Abi Ayyash as "Tawus al-Qarra'" (a magnificently attractive man).[19]

Being a Shi'ite

Aban was Shi'ite without a doubt. Although some reports stated that Aban was not Shi'ite,[20] Al-Shaykh al-Tusi regarded him as companion of Imam al-Sajjad (a), Imam al-Baqir (a) and Imam al-Sadiq (a).[21] However he was surprised to figure out that Aban did not narrate any hadith from them; even if he narrated hadiths, they are not mentioned in any Shi'ite hadith books.

Well-known among Shi'ites

Aban b. Abi 'Ayyash is well-known among Shi'ites because of narrating hadiths from Sulaym b. Qays. Sulaym was a companion of Imam 'Ali (a) and lived in the time of Hajjaj b. Yusuf al-Thaqafi (d. 95/713-4). As Sulaym was a Shi'a, Hajjaj was perusing him but he fled to Fars and Aban provided shelter for him. When Sulaym was on the verge of death he gave Aban a book that included the events that happened after the demise of Prophet Muhammad (s).[22]

After the demise of Aban, the content of this book was narrated by other hadith narrators including Himad b. 'Isa and 'Uthman b. 'Isa.[23]

Features of His Book

As stated by Al-Shaykh al-Tusi, Aban b. Abi Ayyash thought Sulaym b. Qays had read this book to Imam al-Sajjad (a) and he had approved it.[24] But as al-'Allama al-Hilli stated, it should be taken into account that this book was narrated only by Aban b. Abi Ayyash[25] which represents the harsh situation of Shi'ites in Iraq in the time of Hajjaj b. Yusuf; it must be the only original copy of the book. Regardless of the content of the book, it was the first book written by a Shi'a Muslim on Shi'ite thoughts including political thoughts of Shi'ites.[26]

Notes

  1. ↑ Dhahabī, Tārīkh al-Islām, vol. 9, p. 55.
  2. ↑ Bukhārī, Tārīkh al-ṣaghīr, vol. 2, p. 50.
  3. ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 1, p. 31; Dhahabī, Mīzān al-iʿtidāl, vol. 1, p. 14.
  4. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 2, p. 106.
  5. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Fihrist, p. 162.
  6. ↑ Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, vol. 2, p. 19.
  7. ↑ Ibn ʿUday, al-Kāmil fī al-ḍuʿafā al-rijāl, vol. 1, p. 375.
  8. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 2, p. 106.
  9. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Fihrist, p. 162.
  10. ↑ Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, vol. 2, p. 20.
  11. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Rijāl, p. 106; Ḥillī, al-Rijāl, p. 99.
  12. ↑ Nūrī, Mustadrak al-wasāʾil, vol. 3, p. 32.
  13. ↑ Mamaqānī, Tanqīḥ al-maqāl, vol. 1, p. 3.
  14. ↑ Nasā'ī, al-Ḍuʿafā wa al-matrukūn, p. 47; Dāraqutnī, al-ḍuʿafā wa al-matrukūn, p. 285; Jūzjānī, Aḥwāl al-rijāl, p. 102; Ibn Ḥajar, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 1, p. 98 reported by Ibn Hanbal.
  15. ↑ Nūrī, Mustadrak al-wasāʾil, vol. 3, p. 32.
  16. ↑ Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, vol. 2, p. 22.
  17. ↑ Dhahabī, Mīzān al-iʿtidāl, vol. 1, p. 12.
  18. ↑ Ibn Ḥibbān, al-Majrūḥīn, vol. 1, p. 96.
  19. ↑ Ibn ʿUday, al-Kāmil fī al-ḍuʿafā al-rijāl, vol. 1, p. 374.
  20. ↑ Māzandarānī, Sharḥ uṣūl kāfī, vol. 2, p. 163.
  21. ↑ Ṭūsī, Rijāl, p. 83, 106, 152.
  22. ↑ Ḥillī, al-Rijāl, p. 99.
  23. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Fihrist, p. 162.
  24. ↑ Ṭūsī, Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl, p. 321.
  25. ↑ Ḥillī, al-Rijāl, p. 99.
  26. ↑ Ibn al-Nadīm, al-Fihrist, p. 275.

References

  • Al-Dāraqutnī, ʿAlī ʿUmar. Al-Ḍuʿafā wa al-matrūkūn. Edited by ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ʿIzz al-Dīn Lisīrwān. Beirut: 1985.
  • ʿAqīlī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar. Kitāb al-ḍuʿafā al-kabīr. Edited by ʿAbd al-Muʿṭī Amīn Qalʿajī. Beirut: 1404 AH.
  • Bukhārī, Muḥammad b. Ismāʿīl al-. Tārīkh al-ṣaghīr. Edited by Maḥmūd Ibrāhīm Zāʾid. Beirut: 1406 AH/1986.
  • Dhahabī, Muḥammad b. al-Aḥmad al-. Tārīkh al-Islām wa wafayāt al-mashāhīr wa l-aʿlām. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1409 AH.
  • Dhahabī, Muḥammad b. al-Aḥmad al-. Mīzān al-iʿtidāl. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bajāwī. Cairo: 1382 AH/1962.
  • Ḥillī, Ḥasan b. ʿAlī. Al-Rijāl. Tehran: 1342 Sh.
  • Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. Al-Rijāl. Cairo: 1382 AH.
  • Ibn Ḥibbān, Muḥammad. Al-Majrūḥīn. Edited by Maḥmūd Ibrāhīm Zāʾid. Beirut: 1396 AH/1976.
  • Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb. Edited by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ʿAbd al-Laṭīf. Beirut: 1395 AH/1975.
  • Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb. Hyderabad Deccan: 1327 AH.
  • Ibn ʿUday, Abū Aḥmad. Al-Kāmil fī al-ḍuʿafā al-rijāl. Beirut: 1405 AH/1985.
  • Ibn al-Nadīm, Muḥammad b. Isḥāq. Al-Fihrist. [n.p]. [n.d].
  • Jūzjānī, Ibrāhīm b. Yaʿqūb. Aḥwāl al-rijāl. Edited by Ṣubḥī al-Badrī. Beirut: 1405 AH/1985.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. Uṣūl al-Kāfī. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: 1388 AH.
  • Mizzī, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-. Tahdhīb al-kamāl. Edited by Bashār ʿAwād Maʿrūf. Beirut: 1404 AH/1984.
  • Māzandarānī, Muḥammad Sāliḥ b. Ahmad. Sharḥ uṣūl kāfī. Edited by Abu l-Ḥassan Shaʿrānī. Tehran: 1383 AH.
  • Mamaqānī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥasan. Tanqīḥ al-maqāl fī ʿilm al-rijāl. Najaf: 1351 AH.
  • Nasā'ī, Aḥmad b. Alī. Al-Ḍuʿafā wa al-matrūkūn. Edited by ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ʿIzz al-Dīn Lisīrwān. Beirut: 1985.
  • Nūrī, Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad Taqī. Mustadrak al-wasāʾil. Tehran: 1318 -1321 AH.
  • Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-.Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk. Edited by Muḥammad Abu l-faḍl Ibrāhīm. Beirut: 1960-1968.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl. Edited by Mīr Dāmād Istarābādī. Qom: 1404 AH.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥaasn al-. Al-Rijāl. Edited by Muḥammad Kāzim al-Kutubī. Najaf: 1380 AH/1960.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Al-Fihrist. Edited by Rāmyār, Maḥmūd. Mashhad: Dānishgāh-i Mashhad, 1348 Sh.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Aban_b._Abi_Ayyash&oldid=179499"