Last Ten Days of Safar
The Last Ten Days of Ṣafar refers to the period of time from Safar 20 to the end of Safar. Arba'in of the Martyrs of Karbala, the anniversary of the demise of Prophet Muhammad (s), the martyrdom of Imam al-Hasan (a), and the martyrdom of Imam al-Rida (a) have occurred in these ten days. The Shi'as hold mourning ceremonies in these days.
Occasions of the Last Ten Days of Safar
- Safar 20 is coincident with the 40th day after the martyrdom of Imam al-Husayn (a) and other Martyrs of Karbala.[1]
- Safar 28 is the anniversary of the demise of the Prophet (s) and the martyrdom of Imam al-Hasan (a).[2]
- The last day of Safar is the anniversary of the martyrdom of Imam al-Rida (a).[3]
- The first day of the Last Ten Days of Safar (Safar 20) has come to be known as "Arba'in".[4] On this day, many Shi'as walk to Karbala.[5] According to a hadith from Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a), it is recommended to recite the Ziyara of Arba'in on this day.[6]
Practices and Ceremonies
In the Last Ten Days of Safar, the Shi'as hold mourning ceremonies, just like the First Ten Days of Muharram. The Last Ten Days of Safar mark one of the days in which Shiite clergies go to other cities to propagate religious teachings. They travel to different areas, deliver sermons, and hold meetings of rawdakhwani. There are some endowments, that is, some buildings or their incomes, which are specifically endowed by their owners for the holding of mourning ceremonies in the Last Ten Days of Safar.
See also
Notes
References
- Maẓāhirī, Muḥsin Ḥisām. Farhang-i sūg-i Shīʿī. Tehran: Nashr-i Khiyma, 1395 Sh.
- Muḥaddithī, Javād. Farhang-i ʿĀshūrā. Qom: Nashr-i Maʿrūf, 1376 Sh.
- Qummī, Shaykh ʿAbbās. Muntahā l-āmāl fī tawārīkh al-Nabī wa al-Āl. Qom: Intishārāt-i Dalīl-i Mā, 1379 Sh.
- Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Iʿlām al-warā bi-aʿlām al-hudā. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1417 AH.
- Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ‘’Tahdhīb al-aḥkām’’. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH.
Mourning of Muharram | ||
|---|---|---|
| Traditionsand Rituals | Black Clothing • Mourning of Muharram • Basin-placing • Zanjirzani • Chest-beating • Sinj and Damam • Marthiyakhwani • Nawhakhwani • Mourning procession • Hay'at of Mourning • Ta'ziya • Rawdakhwani • Tatbir • Palm-carrying • Coffin-carrying • Torch-carrying • Tabuik • Hosay • Procession of Arba'in • Khaymasuzan • Tuwairij Mourning |  |
| Laments | ||
| Ta'ziyas | ||
| Occassions | ||
| Places | Karbala • Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a) • Holy Shrine of al-Abbas (a) • Bayn al-Haramayn • al-Tall al-Zaynabi • Qatligah • Kaff al-Abbas (a) • Ruins of Damascus • al-Mukhayyam • Euphrates • al-Ghadiriyya • Alqama Stream • Husayniyya • Tekyeh • Saqqakhana • Imambara • Hussaini Dalan • Suq al-Sham | |
| Books | ||
| Related | ||