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Aws b. Thabit al-Khazraji

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Aws b. Thabit al-Khazraji
Personal Information
Full NameAws b. Thabit al-Khazraji
LineageBanu Najjar, Khazraj
Well-Known RelativesHassan b. Thabit (Brother), Shaddad b. Aws (Son)
Muhajir/AnsarAnsar
Place(s) of ResidenceMedina
Religious Information
Presence at ghazwasBattle of Uhud


Aws b. Thābit al-Khazrajī (Arabic: أَوْس بن ثابِت الخَزْرَجی) was one of the helpers and companions of the Prophet (s) martyred in the Battle of Uhud. According to some exegetes of the Qur'an, the verse seven of Qur'an 4, regarding inheritance, was revealed after his martyrdom.

Character Sketch

Aws b. Thabit b. Mundhir was the brother of Hassan b. Thabit, the well-known poet in the period of the Prophet (s). He was from the Banu 'Amr b. Malik family, the Banu Najjar clan, and a member of the Khazraj tribe. Aws participated in the Second Pledge of al-'Aqaba,[1] and after the Prophet's (s) migration to Medina, he became one of his Ansar.[2] He received Uthman b. Affan in his house in Medina.[3]

According to the majority of scholars, Aws was martyred in the Battle of Uhud.[4] On another account, he was a warrior in battles of Badr, Uhud, and Khandaq, and died during the caliphate of Uthman b. Affan.[5]

Story of Heritage

Exegetes of the Qur'an refer to Aws b. Thabit in their exegeses of the verse seven of the Qur'an, which was revealed after his martyrdom. According to the tradition of Jahiliyya, one's wife, daughters, and young boys could not inherit one's property.[6] After Aws's martyrdom, his cousins seized all his property.[7] Aws's wife who had three young daughters consulted the Prophet (s). The Prophet (s) ordered Aws's cousins to avoid any manipulations in Aws's heritage until God reveals the ruling.[8] They obeyed the Prophet (s) until the verse seven of Qur'an 4 was revealed,[9]

"Men have a share in the heritage left by parents and near relatives, and women have a share in the heritage left by parents and near relatives, whether it be little or much, a share ordained [by Allah]."

See Also

Notes

  1. Ibn Hishām, al-Sīrat al-Nabī, vol. 2, p. 101.
  2. Ibn Kathīr, al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya, vol. 3, p. 203.
  3. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kabīr, vol. 3, p. 55.
  4. Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, p. 117.
  5. Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, p. 83.
  6. Ṭabāṭabāʾī, al-Mīzān, vol. 4, p. 299-301; Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, vol. 3, p. 19; Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Tafsīr al-Ṣāfī, vol. 2, p. 192.
  7. Thaʿlabī, Tafsīr al-Thaʿlabī, vol. 3, p. 260.
  8. Ibn al-Jawzī, Zād al-masīr, p. 259.
  9. Qurtubī, al-Jāmiʿ li-aḥkām al-Qurʾān, vol. 6, p. 78.

References

  • Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Mullā Muḥsin. Tafsīr al-Ṣāfī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1419 AH.
  • Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh. Al-Istīʿāb fī maʿrifat al-aṣḥāb. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bajāwī. Beirut: Dār al-Jīl, 1412 AH.
  • Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. Usd al-ghāba fī maʿrifat al-ṣaḥāba. eirut: Dār Ibn Ḥazm, 1433 AH.
  • Ibn al-Jawzī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAlī. Zād al-masīr fī 'ilm al-tafsīr. Beirut: Al-Maktab al-Islāmī, 1423 AH.
  • Ibn Hishām, ʿAbd al-Malik. Al-Sīrat al-Nabī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿArabī, 1410 AH.
  • Ibn Kathīr, Ismāʿīl b. ʿUmar. Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya. Beirut: Maktabat al-Maʿārif, 1410 AH.
  • Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad. Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kabīr. Cairo: Maktabat al-Khānjī, 1421 AH.
  • Qurtubī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-. Al-Jāmiʿ li-aḥkām al-Qurʾān. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Risāla, 1427 AH.
  • Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Mūhammad Ḥusayn. Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1430 AH.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Beirut: Dār al-Murtaḍā, 1427 AH.
  • Thaʿlabī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad al-. Tafsīr al-Thaʿlabī al-musammā bi l-jawāhir al-ḥisan fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1422 AH.