Sura al-Nasr

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This article is an introduction to the Sura al-Nasr; to read its text see text:Sura al-Nasr.
Sura al-Nasr
al-Kafirun
Sura Number110
Juz'30
Revelation
Revelation Number102
Makki/MadaniMadani
Information
Verse Count3
Word Count19
Letter Count80\


Sūra al-Naṣr (Arabic: سورة النَّصْر) is 110th sura of the Qur'an. It is a Madani sura located in juz' thirty. The name of this sura is adopted from its first verse meaning "victory". Another name of this sura is Idhā Jāʾa (Arabic: إذا جاء). In this sura, there are three news about future, Conquest of Mecca with a great victory and final victory of Islam, accepting Islam by the people who lived around Mecca and giving allegiance to the Prophet (s), The demise of the Prophet (s).

Fulfillment of supplications and victory against enemies are among the merits of reciting this sura.


Introduction

  • Naming

The famous name of the sura is "al-Nasr" (Arabic: النَّصْر). The reason for this naming is that the word "al-Nasr" is used in the first verse of this sura and this sura speaks about the victory of God. Another name of this sura is "Idha Ja'a" (Arabic: إذا جاء), because it begins with this phrase. A third name of this sura is "al-Tawdīʿ" (Arabic: التَوْدِيع)as this sura was revealed to the Prophet (s) toward the end of his life.[1]

  • Order and Place of Revelation

Sura al-Nasr is a Madani sura and 102nd sura in the order of revelation to the Prophet (s). It is 110th sura in the current compilation of Qur'an.[2] Some exegetes believe that this sura was 111th or 112th sura revealed to the Prophet (s).[3]

  • Number of Verses and Words

Sura al-Nasr has three verses, nineteen words and eighty letters and is among mufassalat suras (having several short verses). Sura al-Nasr is among jam'i al-nuzul suras, meaning that all its verses were revealed together. fourteen to sixteen suras of the Qur'an are this same in revelation.[4]

Content

In Sura al-Nasr, God promises His messenger victory and assistance and declares that soon "you see the people entering Allah's religion in throngs". So to thank God for this victory and assistance, it orders the Prophet (s) to celebrate the praise of his Lord, and pleads to Him for forgiveness. Thus, according to some exegetes such as 'Allama Tabataba'i, this sura was revealed in Medina after Hudaybiyya peace treaty, before the Conquest of Mecca; so, the God's promises was the conquest of Mecca.[5]

Content of Sura al-Nasr[6]
In great successes, people should not forget God
First topic: verses 1-2
Giving good news of great victories to Muslims		Second topic: verse 3
Duties of the Prophet (s) and Muslims after the conquest
First point: verse 1
Conquest of Mecca by Muslims by the help of God
Second point: verse 2
People's great welcome to Islam after the conquest of Mecca

Time of Revelation and Foretelling

There are different views about when Sura al-Nasr revealed. For example, Ali b. Ibrahim al-Qummi said that this sura was revealed in Mina during farewell Hajj (Hajjat al-Wada');[7] or, al-Wahidi said that this sura was revealed when the Prophet (s) was returning form the Battle of Hunayn and the Prophet (s) did not live more than two years;[8] however, some exegetes such as al-Tabrisi and 'Allama Tabataba'i believed that this sura was revealed after Hudaybiyya peace treaty, before the Conquest of Mecca; thus, the victory and "the people entering Allah's religion in throngs" mentioned in the first and second verses refer to the conquest of Mecca;[9] because, it was after this victory that people accepted Islam in throngs.[10]

This sura contains three news about the future:

  • Conquest of Mecca with a great victory and a final domination of Islam
  • Acceptance of Islam by the people of Mecca and its surroundings and allegiance with the Prophet (s)
  • Demise of the Prophet (s)[11]

Merits and Benefits

According to a hadith, anyone who recites four rak'as at the night of nineth of Sha'ban, and in each rak'a recites Sura al-Nasr ten times after reciting Sura al-Fatiha (Qur'an 1), God will prohibit fire to his body (meaning that he will never be punished in the hell) and for each verse he recites, God will give him the reward of ten martyrs like the martyrs of the Battle of Badr and the rewards of religious scholars.[12]

Also, some benefits are mentioned for recitation of this sura such as the fulfillment of supplications and achieving victory against the enemies.[13]

For the full text, see text:Sura al-Nasr.

External Links

Notes

  1. ↑ Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1270.
  2. ↑ Maʿrifat, Āmūzish-i ʿulūm-i Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 168.
  3. ↑ Suyūṭī, al-Itqān, vol. 1, p. 145.
  4. ↑ Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1270.
  5. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāyī, al-Mīzān, vol. 20, p. 650.
  6. ↑ Khamagar, Muhammad, Sakhtar-i suraha-yi Qur'an-i karim, Mu'assisa-yi Farhangi-yi Qur'an wa 'Itrat-i Nur al-Thaqalayn, Qom: Nashra, ed.1, 1392 Sh.
  7. ↑ Qummī, Tafsīr al-Qummī, vol. 2, p. 446-447.
  8. ↑ Wāḥidī Niyshābūrī, Asbāb al-nuzūl, vol. 1, p. 248.
  9. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāyī, al-Mīzān, vol. 20, p. 650; Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, vol. 10, p. 844.
  10. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāyī, al-Mīzān, vol. 20, p. 650.
  11. ↑ Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1270.
  12. ↑ Ibn Ṭāwūs, Iqbāl al-aʿmāl, vol. 3, p. 220.
  13. ↑ Namāzī Shāhrūdī, Mustadrak safīnat al-biḥār, vol. 8, p. 480.

References

  • Baḥrānī, Sayyid Hāshim b. Sulaymān. Al-Burhān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Qom: Bunyād-i Biʿthat, 1416 AH.
  • Ibn Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Mūsā. Iqbāl al-aʿmāl. Edited by Jawād Qayyūmī. Qom: Markaz al-Nashr al-Tābiʿ li-Maktab al-Aʿlām al-Islāmī, 1416 AH.
  • Khurramshāhī, Bahāʾ al-Dīn. Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān wa Qurʾān pazhūhī. Tehran: Dūstān-Nāhīd, 1377 Sh.
  • Maʿrifat, Muḥammad Hādī. Āmūzish-i ʿulūm-i Qurʾān. [n.p]: Markaz Chāp wa Nashr-i Sāzmān-i Tablīghāt, 1371 Sh.
  • Qummī, ʿAlī b. Ibrāhīm al-. Tafsīr al-Qummī. Qom: Dār al-Kitāb, 1367 Sh.
  • Suyūṭī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Abī Bakr al-. Al-Itqān fī ʿulūm al-Qurʾān. Edited by Fawāz Aḥmad Zamarlī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, [n.d].
  • Ṭabāṭabāyī, Mūhammad Ḥusayn al-. Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1374 Sh.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Edited by Hāshim Rasūlī & Yazdī Ṭabāṭabāyī. Third edition. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Nāṣir Khusru, 1372 Sh.
  • Wāḥidī Niyshābūrī, ʿAlī b. Aḥmad al-. Asbāb al-nuzūl. Translated to Farsi by ʿAlī Riḍā Dhikāwatī. Tehran: Nashr-i Niy, 1383 Sh.
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