Sura al-Hadid
This article is an introduction to the Sura al-Hadid; to read its text see text:Sura al-Hadid.| al-Waqi'a | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Sura Number | 57 |
| Juz' | 27 |
| Revelation | |
| Revelation Number | 95 |
| Makki/Madani | Madani |
| Information | |
| Verse Count | 29 |
| Word Count | 576 |
| Letter Count | 2545\ |
Sura al-Hadid (Arabic: سورة الحديد) is fifty seventh sura of the Qur'an. It is a Madani sura located in juz' twenty seven. This sura is called al-Hadid because the word "al-hadid" (iron) is mentioned in verse twenty five of this sura. In this sura, topics including the unity of God, God's attributes, greatness of the Qur'an and the condition of believers and hypocrites on the Day of Judgement are mentioned.
In this sura, God urges Muslims to give in the way of God. Qard al-Hasana Verse (good loan) is among famous verses in this sura. In hadiths, releasing from the punishment in the hell, benefitting from blessings in the heaven and visiting Imam al-Mahdi (a) when he comes, are mentioned among the merits and benefits of reciting this sura.
Introduction
- Naming
This sura is called al-Hadid because the word "al-hadid" (iron) is mentioned in verse twenty five of this sura.[1] It is transmitted from Imam 'Ali (a) that by sending down iron, its creation is meant. Also in another hadith from him, it is mentioned that by "iron", weapon is meant.[2]
- Place and Order of Revelation
Sura al-Hadid is a Madani sura and in the order of revelation, it was ninety forth sura revealed to the Prophet (s). It is now fifty seventh sura in the current compilation of Qur'an,[3] located in juz' twenty seven.
- Number of Verses and Other Features
This sura is among the seven Musabbihat suras which begin with tasbih.[4] Sura al-Hadid has twenty nine verses, 576 words, and 2545 letters and is among Mufassalat suras (which have several short verses).[5]
Content
According to Tafsir al-mizan, the major message of this sura is urging people to give in the way of God which is mentioned in several places of the sura and has been considered the source of faith in God and His messenger (s).[6]
According to Tafsir-i nimuna, the content of this sura can be divided to seven parts:
- The Unity of God and mentioning twenty attributes of God
- Greatness of the Qur'an
- Condition of believers and hypocrites on the Day of Judgement
- Inviting to faith and the destiny of previous nations who were disbelievers
- Urging to give in the way of God, especially to perform jihad in His way, and valuelessness of worldly properties
- Social justice
- Rejection of monasticism and seclusion from the society[7]
| Causes and grounds for institutionalization of the culture of giving in people's beliefs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fist factor: verses 1-9 Believing in the Lordship of God over the world | Second factor: verses 10-15 The Qur'an was not revealed by God | Third factor: verses 16-19 Why does the Prophet (s) live like ordinary people? | Fourth factor: verses 20-21 Why are not angels sent down on us? | Fifth factor: verses 22-24 Why was not the Qur'an revealed all at once? | Sixth factor: verses 25-27 Insulting the Prophet's monotheistic call | Ending: verses 28-29 Claim that it is pointless to serve God | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First issue: verse 1-3 Attributes of the Lord of the world | First reward: verse 10 Achieving spiritual degrees in this world | First issue: verse 16 The importance of humility of the heart for God | First issue: verse 20 The five features of the life in this world | First issue: verse 22 That everything is known in God's knowledge before it happens | First issue: verse 25 Establishment of justice, the goal of sending prophets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Second issue: verses 4-6 Signs of the Lordship of God over the world | Second reward: verses 11-15 Receiving perfect reward in this world and in the hereafter | Second issue: verse 17 God's power in revival of the heart | Second issue: verse 21 Vastness of the paradise and its blessings | Second issue: verses 23-24 Wrongness of stinginess with regards to the knowledge of God towards the events | Second issue: verses 26-27 monasticism and negligence towards the establishment of justice as the cause of leaving the religion of God | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third issue: verses 7-9 Giving as the sign of faith in God and His Messenger (a) | Third issue: verses 18-19 Multiple rewards for those who give in the way of God | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Famous Verses
Creation in Six Periods
| “ | It is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days; then settled on the Throne. He knows whatever enters the earth and whatever emerges from it and whatever descends from the sky and whatever ascends to it, and He is with you wherever you may be, and Allah sees best what you do." | ” |
| — Qur'an 57:4 | ||
The issue of creation in six days is mentioned in the Qur'an seven times, the first time of which is in verse fifty four of Qur'an 7 and its last time is in verse four of Sura al-Hadid. "Day" in these verses does not mean a normal day in this world, but it suggests a "period", whether it be short or long, even if it takes millions of years.[9]
Qard al-Hasana Verse
| “ | Who is it that will lend Allah a good loan, that He may multiply it for him and [that] there may be a noble reward for him? | ” |
| — Qur'an 57:11 | ||
In this verse, giving in the way of God has been mentioned as "to lend Allah a good loan" in order to encourage people toward it. "Lending Allah a good loan" includes any kind of giving in His way and one of its important examples is assisting the Prophet (s) and Imams (a), so that they use it in necessary cases for administration of the Islamic government.[10] It is mentioned in the words of Imam 'Ali (a) that God does not ask your assistance out of humility, neither has He asked you for loan to make up for His defect.[11]
Stories and Historical Reports
Invitations of Prophets (a): invitation of Noah (a), Abraham (a), and other prophets (a) to monotheism, sending other prophets, the prophethood of Jesus (a) son of Mary (a) and revealing the Gospel to him (verses 26 – 27).
Merits and Benefits
It is transmitted from the Prophet (s) that whoever recites Sura al-Hadid, it is upon God to keep him away from the punishment of the hell and give him blessings in the paradise and if a person is imprisoned and regularly recites this sura, he would be released.[12] Also, it is transmitted from the Prophet (s) that whoever recites Sura al-Hadid will be considered among those who believed in God and His Prophet (s).[13]
It is transmitted from Imam al-Baqir (a) that whoever recites Musabbihat suras before going to sleep, would not die unless he meets Imam al-Mahdi (a) and if he dies soon, he will be a neighbor of the Prophet (s) in the next world.[14]
External Links
Notes
- ↑ Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1254.
- ↑ Ḥuwayzī, Tafsīr nūr al-thaqalayn, vol. 5, p. 250.
- ↑ Maʿrifat, Āmūzish-i ʿulūm-i Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 168.
- ↑ Maʿrifat, al-Tamhīd fī ʿulūm al-Qurʾān, vol. 5, p. 230.
- ↑ Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1254.
- ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī, al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān, vol. 19, p. 292.
- ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Barguzīda-yi tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 5, p. 91.
- ↑ Khamagar, Muhammad, Sakhtar-i suraha-yi Qur'an-i karim, Mu'assisa-yi Farhangi-yi Qur'an wa 'Itrat-i Nur al-Thaqalayn, Qom: Nashra, ed.1, 1392 Sh.
- ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Barguzīda-yi tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 5, p. 94.
- ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Barguzīda-yi tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 5, p. 98.
- ↑ Nahj al-Balāgha, Sermon 183.
- ↑ Baḥrānī, al-Burhān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān, vol. 5, p. 277.
- ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, vol. 24, p. 194.
- ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Barguzīda-yi tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 5, p. 92.
References
- Baḥrānī, Hāshim b. Sulaymān al-. Al-Burhān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Qom: Muʾassisat al-Biʿtha, 1389 Sh.
- Ḥuwayzī, ʿAbd ʿAlī b. Jumʿa al-. Tafsīr nūr al-thaqalayn. Qom: Ismāʿīlīyān, 1415 AH.
- Khurramshāhī, Bahāʾ al-Dīn. Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān. Tehran: Dūstān-Nāhīd, 1377 Sh.
- Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Barguzīda-yi tafsīr-i nimūna. Edited by Aḥmad ʿAlī Bābāyī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1382 Sh.
- Maʿrifat, Muḥammad Hādī. Al-Tamhīd fī ʿulūm al-Qurʾān. Qom: Muʾassisa-yi Farhangī Intishārātī al-Tamhīd, 1388 Sh.
- Maʿrifat, Muḥammad Hādī. Āmūzish-i ʿulūm-i Qurʾān. Translated to Farsi by Wakīlī. Qom: Sāzmān-i Tablīghāt-i Islāmī, 1371 Sh.
- Nahj al-balāgha, sermon 183.
- Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Translated to Farsi by Musawī Hamidānī. Tehran: Bunyād-i ʿIlmī wa Farhangī-yi ʿAllama Ṭabāṭabāʾī, 1370 Sh.
- Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Majmaʿ al-bayān. Translated to Farsi by Hāshim Rasūlī. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Farāhānī, [n.d].