Draft:Masjid al-Ghamama
Template:Religious building infobox Masjid al-Ghamāma (Arabic: مسجد الغمامة), also known as Masjid al-Istisqāʾ[1] and Masjid al-Muṣallā,[2] is one of the historical mosques in Medina. With an area of 773 square meters, it is located southwest of Al-Masjid al-Nabawi, at a distance of 300 meters from it.[3] It is said that the Prophet (s) performed the first Eid Prayer in the year 2/624 in Medina[4] in an open land (desert) at a place called "Manakha".[5] During the rule of 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz, this place was turned into a mosque.[6] There is a narration from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Prophet (s) used to go to the Musalla (place of prayer) on the days of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha and, after performing the prayer, would deliver the Eid sermon.[7]
This mosque was the place for holding Eid Prayer until the late 9th/15th century.[8]
Ghamāma means cloud.[9] There are two famous accounts regarding its naming: a cloud shaded the Prophet's (s) head while he was praying there,[10] or a cloud appeared and it rained after the Prayer for Rain (Istisqa').[11] It has also been called "Masjid al-Musalla"[12] because the Prophet (s) performed the prayers of the two Eids there.[13]
Masjid al-Ghamama has been renovated in various periods.[14] It was repaired in the 2nd/8th century and also in the 8th/14th century between the years 748/1347-8 and 753/1352-3. The most fundamental repairs of the mosque date back to the reign of Sultan Hasan, the grandson of Qalawun in Egypt.[15] This building was also renovated during the Ottoman rule in two periods: under Abdülmecid I (r. 1255/1839 – 1277/1861) and Sultan Abdul Hamid II (r. 1293/1876 – 1327/1909). During the reign of Fahd b. 'Abd al-'Aziz, the then King of Saudi Arabia, the restoration and beautification of Masjid al-Ghamama were carried out, and the date on the inscription is recorded as 1411 AH/1990-1.[16]
Masjid al-Ghamama is located opposite the Bab al-Salam door of Al-Masjid al-Nabawi. A green sign is installed over the entrance portal with the name of the mosque engraved on it.[17] Six small and large domes and the exterior arches of the mosque, covered with black stones and white lines, are among the architectural features of this mosque.[18]
Notes
- ↑ Najafī, Madīna-shināsī, 1386 Sh, p. 234.
- ↑ Samhūdī, Akhbār-i Madīna, 1376 Sh, p. 439.
- ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1385 Sh, p. 258.
- ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1385 Sh, p. 258.
- ↑ Ḥasanī, Sīrī dar amākin-i sarzamīn-i waḥy, 1371 Sh, p. 58.
- ↑ Samhūdī, Akhbār-i Madīna, 1376 Sh, p. 439; Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1385 Sh, p. 258.
- ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1379 Sh, p. 347.
- ↑ "Masjid-i Ghamāma, maḥall-i sāya-yi abr bar Rasūl-i Akram (s) dar Madīna-yi Munawwara", Shabestan News Agency.
- ↑ Shahīdī, ʿArshiyān, 1383 Sh, p. 102.
- ↑ Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Mawsūʿat istidlāliyya fī l-fiqh al-Islāmī, 1407 AH, vol. 46, p. 117.
- ↑ Najafī, Madīna-shināsī, 1386 Sh, p. 234.
- ↑ Samhūdī, Akhbār-i Madīna, 1376 Sh, p. 439.
- ↑ Khuwaylid, Al-Masājid wa l-amākin al-athariyya, 1420 AH, p. 9.
- ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1379 Sh, p. 349.
- ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1385 Sh, p. 258; Samhūdī, Akhbār-i Madīna, 1376 Sh, p. 439.
- ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1379 Sh, p. 349.
- ↑ "Masjid-i Ghamāma, maḥall-i sāya-yi abr bar Rasūl-i Akram (s) dar Madīna-yi Munawwara", Shabestan News Agency.
- ↑ "Masjid-i Ghamāma, maḥall-i sāya-yi abr bar Rasūl-i Akram (s) dar Madīna-yi Munawwara", Shabestan News Agency.
References
- Ḥasanī, ʿAlī Akbar. Sīrī dar amākin-i sarzamīn-i waḥy. Tehran, Mashʿar, 1371 Sh.
- Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Sayyid Muḥammad. Mawsūʿat istidlāliyya fī l-fiqh al-Islāmī. Qom, Muʾassisa al-Fikr al-Islāmī, 1407 AH.
- Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna. Tehran, Mashʿar, 1379 Sh.
- Khuwaylid, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. Al-Masājid wa l-amākin al-athariyya. Tehran, Mashʿar, 1420 AH.
- "Masjid-i Ghamāma, maḥall-i sāya-yi abr bar Rasūl-i Akram (s) dar Madīna-yi Munawwara". Shabestan News Agency. Published: 19 Khordad 1399 Sh. Available online.
- Najafī, Muḥammad Bāqir. Madīna-shināsī. Tehran, Mashʿar, 1386 Sh.
- Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara. Tehran, Mashʿar, 1385 Sh.
- Samhūdī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. Akhbār-i Madīna. Tehran, Mashʿar, 1376 Sh.
- Shahīdī, Sayyid Jaʿfar. ʿArshiyān. Tehran, Mashʿar, 1383 Sh.