Hamida Wife of Imam al-Sadiq (a)

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Hamida Wife of Imam al-Sadiq (a)
Mashraba Umm Ibrahim, Medina
Mashraba Umm Ibrahim, Medina
Well-known AsHamida al-Musaffa
Religious AffiliationShi'a
Well-known RelativesImam al-Kazim (a) (son)
Place of ResidenceMedina
Burial PlaceMashraba Umm Ibrahim, Medina
Era'Abbasid
Known forMother of Imam al-Kazim (a)
ActivitiesHadith transmitter of Imam al-Sadiq (a), teaching religious rulings to women


Ḥamīda (Arabic:حَميدَة) known as Ḥamīda al-Muṣaffā (حَميدَة المُصَفّا), Ḥamīda al-Barbariyya (حَميدَة البَربَريَّة), Ḥamīda al-Andalusīyya (حَميدَة الاندُلُسيَّة) was the wife of Ja'far b. Muhammad al-Sadiq (a), the sixth Shi'a Imam and the mother of Imam Musa b. Ja'far al-Kazim (a), the seventh Imam of Twelver Shi'a. She was a slave who was given as a gift, by Imam al-Baqir (a), to Imam al-Sadiq (a). Hamida was a virtuous woman and a faqih. Also Imam al-Sadiq (a) sent women to her to learn religious rules and received the answer to their religious questions.

Lineage

There are disagreements on the lineage of Hamida. Some sources mentioned Sa'id Berber was the name of her father and Salih was the name of her brother. Also Hamida's race was mentioned as Berber, Andalusian, Roman and 'Ajam.[1]

Names and Titles

Her name is mentioned as Hamida or Humayda. When Imam al-Baqir (a) asked her name, she responded Hamida.[2] She was known as Hamida al-Berberiyya and Hamida al-Andalusiyya.[3] Imam al-Sadiq (a) titled her as al-Musaffa.[4]

Lu'lu'a, Muhaddaba, Sayyidat al-Ima', Umm Ahmad and Umm Hamida are the other titles attributed to Hamida.[5]

Statues

Imam al-Baqir (a) regarded her as: "a woman praised in this world and treasured in the Hereafter."[6] Imam al-Sadiq (a) said on her: "Hamida is pure from impurity and she is like a gold bullion. Angles have always watched over her until our child, the next Imam and God's gift to us, was born."[7]

Imam al-Sadiq (a) always sent women to Hamida to learn religious rules.[8] Imam (a) also put Hamida and Umm Farwa in charge of some financial tasks in Medina.[9] In addition, grand religious Shia scholars considered Hamida as an honorable and wise woman.[10]

From Slavery to Marriage to Imam al-Sadiq (a)

According to Hadith books, Imam al-Baqir (a) bought Hamida as a slave and recommended his son, Ja'far b. Muhammad (a), to marry her.[11]

Narrating Hadiths from Imam al-Sadiq (a)

Hamida has narrated two hadiths about the rules on performing hajj for children[12] and on martyrdom of Imam Ja'far b. Muhammad al-Sadiq (a).[13]

Birth of Imam al-Kazim (a)

According to a narration from Abu Basir, when Imam al-Sadiq (a) was on a trip in Abwa' region, Imam Musa al-Kazim (a) was born. He said:

"When Hamida was ready to deliver the baby, Imam (a) rushed toward her tent and returned with happiness. Imam (a) said: Hamida told me the newborn baby put his hands on the ground and looked up in the sky. I told her this is a sign from Prophet Muhammad (s) and his successors."[14]

Najma a Gift to Imam al-Kazim (a)

Based on a narration, Hamida bought Najma as a servant. Then she was experienced a true dream in which she was told to give Najma as a gift to Imam al-Kazim (a) to marry her, as one of the best men on earth was supposed to be born from them.[15] Hamida told Imam al-Kazim (a): "My son! Tuktam (Najma) is the most virtuous servant I know. I have no doubt, God will give you children. I recommend you to treat her decently."[16]

Other Children

As al-'Allama al-Majlisi stated, Hamida had four children: Musa b. Ja'far (a), Ishaq, Muhammad and Fatima.[17]

Notes

  1. ↑ Māmaqānī, Tanqīḥ al-maqāl, vol. 3, p. 76; Qarashī, Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsa ibn Jāʿfar, vol. 1, p. 42, 43.
  2. ↑ Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-Ṭālibīyyīn, p. 413.
  3. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 5, p. 261.
  4. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 1, p. 477; Masʿūdī, Ithbāt al-waṣīyya, p. 190.
  5. ↑ Ṭabarī, Dalāʾil al-Imāma, p. 147; Baḥrānī, ʿAwālim, vol. 21, p. 10; Masʿūdī, Ithbāt al-waṣīyya, p. 190; Gharawī Nāʾīnī, Muḥaddithāt al-Shīʿa, p. 152.
  6. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 1, p. 477.
  7. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 1, p. 477.
  8. ↑ Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, p. 525; Ṭabrisī, Iʿlām al-warā, vol. 2, p. 62.
  9. ↑ Māmaqānī, Tanqīḥ al-maqāl, vol. 3, p. 76.
  10. ↑ Qummī, Muntahī l-āmāl, vol. 2, p. 377; Qarashī, Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsa ibn Jāʿfar, vol. 1, p. 40, 41.
  11. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 1, p. 477.
  12. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 4, p. 301.
  13. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 47, p. 2.
  14. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 1, p. 385.
  15. ↑ Irbilī, Kashf al-ghumma, vol. 2, p. 803, 804.
  16. ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 2, p. 24.
  17. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 47, p. 241.

References

  • Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn. Maqātil al-Ṭālibīyyīn. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, n.d.
  • Baḥrānī, Sayyid Hāshim al-. ʿAwālim. Qom: Muʾassisat al-Imām al-Mahdī, 1409 AH.
  • Gharawī Nāʾīnī, Nahlā. Muḥaddithāt al-Shīʿa. Tehran: Dānishgāh-i Tarbīyat Mudarris, 1375 Sh.
  • Irbilī, ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā al-. Kashf al-ghumma. Qom: al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, 1421 AH.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. Al-Kāfī. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1363 Sh.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Wafāʾ, 1403 AH.
  • Māmaqānī, ʿAbd Allāh al-. Tanqīḥ al-maqāl. Najaf: Maṭbaʿat al-Murtaḍawīyya, 1352 AH.
  • Masʿūdī, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn al-. Ithbāt al-waṣīyya. Qom: Anṣārīyān, 1417 AH.
  • Qarashī, Baqir Sharīf al-. Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsa ibn Jāʿfar. N.p: Dār al-Balāgha, 1413 AH.
  • Qummī, Shaykh ʿAbbās. Muntahī l-āmāl. Qom: Hijrat, 1412 AH.
  • Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. Al-Amālī. Qom: Muʾassisat al-Biʿtha, 1417 AH.
  • Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā. Edited by Ḥusayn Aʿlamī. Beirut: Muʾassiat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1404 AH.
  • Ṭabarī al-Shīʿī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. Dalāʾil al-Imāma. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī, 1408 AH.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Iʿlām al-warā bi-aʿlām al-hudā. Qom: Āl al-Bayt, 1417 AH.
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