Rida (Title)

Priority: c, Quality: b
From wikishia
(Redirected from Riza (title))
This article is about title of Imam 'Ali b. Musa al-Rida (a). For the character of Imam (a), see Imam 'Ali b. Musa al-Rida (a).
The title of Rida on the wall of Imam Riza's holy shrine

Riḍā (Arabic: الرّضا), the most famous title of Imam 'Ali b. Musa al-Rida (a),[1] means "the praised one".[2]

According to a hadith reported in the book 'Uyun akhbar al-Rida, God bestowed the title "Rida" upon the eighth Imam of the Shia. In this hadith, it is stated that Ahmad b. Abi Nasr al-Bazanti asked Imam al-Jawad (a), "Some of your opponents claim that al-Ma'mun gave your father the title of al-Rida because he accepted the position of crown prince." Imam al-Jawad (a) replied, "By God, they have lied and acted unjustly. Rather, God named 'Ali b. Musa as al-Rida because he was pleasing to God in the heavens and pleasing to the Prophet (s) and the other Imams on earth."[3] The hadith continues, with al-Bazanti asking, "Were not all your forefathers (the Imams) pleasing to God, the Prophet (s), and the Imams (a)? Why, then, was your father specifically named al-Rida among them?" The Imam (a) replied, "Because both his enemies and his opponents, as well as his friends and supporters, were pleased with him. None of his forefathers were like this; therefore, my father was uniquely given the title al-Rida."[4] Additionally, according to another hadith transmitted by Sulayman b. Hafs al-Marwazi in the book 'Uyun akhbar al-Rida, his father, Imam al-Kazim (a), called him al-Rida and used this title for him.[5]

According to some historical sources, when 'Ali b. Musa (a) accepted the position of crown prince under al-Ma'mun al-Abbasi, al-Ma'mun gave him the title "al-Rida"[6] and referred to him as "al-Rida min Al Muhammad".[7] According to Wilferd Madelung, the German Islamic and Shia studies scholar (d. 2023), the phrase "al-Rida min Al Muhammad" (the accepted one from the family of Muhammad (s)) was previously used for individuals from the family of Muhammad whose caliphate was accepted by all Muslims.[8] Sayyid Ja'far Murtada 'Amili, a Shiite researcher and biographer (1364-1441/1945-2019), based on a letter from Fadl b. Sahl, al-Ma'mun's vizier, addressed to Imam al-Rida (a) in which the title "al-Rida" was used, argued that "Rida" was already a title of the Imam. However, al-Ma'mun, inspired by this letter, made it the Imam's official title.[9]

Ayatollah Jawadi Amuli interprets the title "Rida" for the eighth Imam as a unique divine title. He explains that whenever a person, in any circumstance, wishes to be content (radi, from the same root as rida) with something, it is through the mediation of the grace of Imam al-Rida (a). For this reason, no one will ever find satisfaction with anything or anyone except through the mediation of the exalted station of Imam al-Rida (a).[10]

See Also

Notes

  1. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 2, p. 13.
  2. ↑ Ṣāḥib, al-Muḥīṭ, vol. 8, p. 42.
  3. ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 1, p. 13.
  4. ↑ ʿAṭārudī, Musnad al-Imām al-Riḍā, p. 10.
  5. ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 1, p. 14.
  6. ↑ Ibn Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 6, p. 326.
  7. ↑ Sibṭ b. al-Jawzī, Tadhkirat al-khawāṣṣ, p. 315.
  8. ↑ Madelung, Parwanda: ʿAlī b. Mūsā al-Riḍā (a), p. 7.
  9. ↑ ʿĀmilī, al-Ḥayāt al-Sīyāsīyya li-l-Imām al-Riḍā (a), p. 204.
  10. ↑ Imam Rida: The scholar of the Prophet's Household: The Meaning of the Glorious Title "Rida".

References

  • Amīn, al-Sayyid Muḥsin al-. Aʿyān al-Shīʿa. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1403 AH.
  • ʿĀmilī, Al-Sayyid Jaʿfar Murtaḍā al-. Al-Ḥayāt al-Sīyāsīyya li-l-Imām al-Riḍā (a), Dirāsat wa taḥlīl. Qom: Muʾassisa al-Nashr al-Islāmī, [n.d].
  • ʿAṭārudī, ʿAzīz Allāh. Musnad al-Imām al-Riḍā. Mashhad: Āstān-i Quds-i Raḍawī, 1406 AH.
  • Ibn Athīr, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh. 1st edition. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH.
  • Madelung, Wilferd. Parwanda: ʿAlī b. Mūsā al-Riḍā (a). Translated by Aḥmad Namāʾī. Journal of Iṭṭilāʿāt-i Ḥikmat wa Maʿrifat, No 8. (1387 Sh).
  • Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā. Tehran: Nashr-i Jahān, 1378 AH.
  • Ṣāḥib, Ismāʿīl b. ʿAbbād. Al-Muḥīṭ fī l-lugha. Edited by Muḥammad Ḥasan Āl Yāsīn. Beirut: 'Ālam al-Kitāb, 1414 AH.
  • Sibṭ b. al-Jawzī, Yūsuf b. Qazāwughlī. Tadhkirat al-khawāṣṣ min al-umma bi dhikr khaṣāʾiṣ al-aʾImma. Qom: Manshūrāt al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, 1418 AH.
  • Imam Rida: The scholar of the Prophet's Household: The Meaning of the Glorious Title "Rida" (Persian). Accessed: 2024/11/30.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Rida_(Title)&oldid=190238"