Draft:Masjid al-Tan'im
Masjid al-Tan'im or Masjid 'A'isha and Masjid al-'Umra is one of the mosques of the city of Mecca and one of the miqats of hajj. This mosque was located on the route from Medina to Mecca at the city's entrance, but after the expansion of Mecca, it became connected to it. It is said that since the Prophet (s) had worn Ihram at this location, a mosque was built there. Masjid al-Tan'im was restored and rebuilt in various years, the most extensive renovation of which took place during the reign of King Fahd b. 'Abd al-'Aziz, the Saudi king, and its area increased to 6,000 square meters. Today, this mosque is the place for wearing ihram for the people of Mecca and pilgrims who intend to perform the rituals of 'umra hajj. The cemetery of the martyrs of the Battle of Fakhkh is located near Masjid al-Tan'im.
Importance and Status
Masjid al-Tan'im is the nearest miqat for the people of Mecca and the pilgrims of the House of God who wear ihram from there for 'Umra.[1] This mosque is located in the area of Tan'im or Nu'man, between two mountains named Na'im and Tan'im.[2] The reason for naming Masjid al-Tan'im was the existence of a tree with the same name in this region.[3]
It is said that the founder of the mosque was Muhammad b. 'Ali al-Shafi'i[4] and he built the mosque at the site of the ihram of the Prophet (s) during the Hajjat al-Wida' ceremony and named it Tan'im.[5] This mosque is also famous as "Masjid 'A'isha"; because in a tradition it is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah ordered his wife 'A'isha to become muhrim from this location along with her brother 'Abd al-Rahman b. Abi Bakr.[6] Since pilgrims wear ihram for performing 'Umra al-Mufrada from this mosque, and because according to a report the Prophet (s) wore ihram from this place, it is also known as "Masjid al-'Umra".[7]
Renovations
Masjid al-Tan'im has been rebuilt and renovated many times. The governor of Mecca restored the mosque in 240 AH and built a dome over the well that was inside it.[8]
An inscription remaining in the mosque shows that the renovation of the mosque in 310 AH was carried out by al-Muqtadir al-'Abbasi, and Masjid 'A'isha is explicitly mentioned in it.[9]
Abu l-Nasr Astarabadi was one of the Iranians who repaired the mosque upon arriving in Mecca in 466 AH, and to commemorate it, he wrote his name on a stone in the eastern wall of the mosque.[10]
Another stone inscription also exists in the mosque showing its rebuilding in 619 AH by Abu l-Muzaffar Salah al-Din Yusuf.[11]
Rasul Jafarian points to the restoration of Masjid al-Tan'im during the Ottoman period, noting that the renovation took place, but the mosque lacked a roof in that era. Another renovation was in 1398 AH, which was done beautifully and elegantly, and its area reached 1,200 meters.[12]
The most fundamental expansion and renovation took place during the era of Fahd b. 'Abd al-'Aziz, the king of Saudi Arabia, in which the mosque was rebuilt and its area was increased to 6,000 square meters.[13]
Features
Masjid al-Tan'im was initially on the route from Medina to Mecca at the city's entrance, but with the development of Mecca, it is now located inside the city.[14]
The area of the mosque is 6,000 square meters, and it is possible for 15,000 people to pray in it. The main site of the mosque with its surrounding places such as the ablution area, the place for ghusl and ihram, and the car park are services that, along with the mosque, are estimated at about 84,000 square meters.[15] Masjid al-Tan'im is located exactly on the border of the Haram, and pillars in the middle and along the street of the mosque have been marked for this purpose.[16]
Near this mosque, the cemetery of the Martyrs of Fakhkh is located.[17]
Notes
- ↑ Ḥasanī, Sīrī dar amākin-i sarzamīn-i waḥy, 1371 SH, p. 129.
- ↑ Ja'fariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1389 SH, p. 177.
- ↑ Sharīfī, Namād wa ramzwārih-hā-yi ḥajj, p. 656.
- ↑ Ḥammū, Mu'arrifī-yi amākin-i Makka-yi Mukarrama, 1391 SH, p. 75.
- ↑ Qā'idān, Darsnāmih-yi amākin-i madhhabī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1390 SH, p. 81.
- ↑ Ḥurr al-'Āmilī, Wasā'il al-Shī'a, 1414 AH, vol. 11, p. 217.
- ↑ Sharīfī, Namād wa ramzwārih-hā-yi ḥajj, p. 656.
- ↑ Qā'idān, Darsnāmih-yi amākin-i madhhabī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1390 SH, p. 81.
- ↑ Ja'fariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1389 SH, pp. 177-178.
- ↑ Tan'im, site of the Representative of the Vali-yi Faqih in Hajj and Ziyara Affairs, 1393 SH.
- ↑ Ja'fariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1389 SH, pp. 177-178.
- ↑ Ja'fariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1389 SH, pp. 177-178.
- ↑ Qā'idān, Darsnāmih-yi amākin-i madhhabī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1390 SH, pp. 81-82.
- ↑ Ḥasanī, Sīrī dar amākin-i sarzamīn-i waḥy, 1371 SH, p. 129.
- ↑ Ḥammū, Mu'arrifī-yi amākin-i Makka-yi Mukarrama, 1391 SH, p. 75.
- ↑ Ja'fariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1389 SH, p. 178.
- ↑ Qā'idān, Darsnāmih-yi amākin-i madhhabī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1390 SH, p. 82.
References
- Tan'im, site of the Representative of the Vali-yi Faqih in Hajj and Ziyara Affairs, date of publication: July 12, 2014.
- Ja'fariyān, Rasūl, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, Tehran, Nashr-i Mash'ar, 1389 SH.
- Ḥurr al-'Āmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan, Wasā'il al-Shī'a, Qom, Al-al-Bayt, 1414 AH.
- Ḥasanī, 'Alī-akbar, Sīrī dar amākin-i sarzamīn-i waḥy, Tehran, Ba'tha-yi Maqām-i Mu'aẓẓam-i Rahbarī Deputy of Education and Research, 1371 SH.
- Ḥammū, Maḥmūd Muḥammad, Mu'arrifī-yi amākin-i Makka-yi Mukarrama, translated by: Murtada Husayni Fadil, Tehran, Nashr-i Mash'ar, 1391 SH.
- Sharīfī, Mujtabā, Namād wa ramzwārih-hā-yi ḥajj, Tehran, Nashr-i Mash'ar.
- Qā'idān, Aṣghar, Darsnāmih-yi amākin-i madhhabī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, Tehran, Nashr-i Mash'ar, 1390 SH.