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Isma'il b. al-Imam al-Sadiq (a): Difference between revisions
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===Imam al-Sadiq's (a) Public Announcement of Isma'il's Death=== | ===Imam al-Sadiq's (a) Public Announcement of Isma'il's Death=== | ||
According to a report from [[Zurara b. A'yan]], shortly after Isma'il's death and before he was buried, Imam al-Sadiq (a) invited around thirty of his companions to witness the death of his son. This can indicate that some of the Imam's followers believed that Isma'il was the next Imam, and by doing this, Imam al-Sadiq (a) wanted to clear their minds of this idea. This is how [[Imami]] scholars have also explained Imam Sadiq's (a) public emphasis on the death of Isma'il. | According to a report from [[Zurara b. A'yan]], shortly after Isma'il's death and before he was buried, Imam al-Sadiq (a) invited around thirty of his companions to witness the death of his son. This can indicate that some of the Imam's followers believed that Isma'il was the next Imam, and by doing this, Imam al-Sadiq (a) wanted to clear their minds of this idea. This is how [[Imami]] scholars have also explained Imam Sadiq's (a) public emphasis on the death of Isma'il.<ref>Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 1, p. 266-267.</ref> | ||
Before burying Isma'il, Imam al-Sadiq (a) removed the [[shroud]] from his son's face several times, so that no one doubts about his death. | Before burying Isma'il, Imam al-Sadiq (a) removed the [[shroud]] from his son's face several times, so that no one doubts about his death. | ||
According to some sources, the Imam (a) asked a number of prominent figures in Medina, including the governor, to witness the death of Isma'il. He prepared a written statement on Isma'il's death | According to some sources, the Imam (a) asked a number of prominent figures in Medina, including the governor, to witness the death of Isma'il. He prepared a written statement on Isma'il's death and had the witnesses sign it.<ref>Shahristānī, ''al-Milal wa l-niḥal'', vol. 1, p. 167.</ref> | ||
===Isma'il's Tomb=== | ===Isma'il's Tomb=== | ||
====Before Destruction==== | ====Before Destruction==== | ||
In the [[Fatimid]] period (297/909-567/1171), a great mausoleum was built over Isma'il's burial place. The walls of the mausoleum did not have any doors or windows. It was located out of [[al-Baqi' cemetery]], fifteen meters away from the walls of the cemetery on the west side, facing the tombs of the [[Imams of al-Baqi'|four Imams in al-Baqi']]. Half of its area was located on the street, and half of it on the sidewalk, and the [[pilgrims]] would visit his mausoleum from the sidewalk. | In the [[Fatimid]] period (297/909-567/1171), a great mausoleum was built over Isma'il's burial place.<ref>Maṭarī, ''al-Taʿrīf'', p. 121.</ref> The walls of the mausoleum did not have any doors or windows. It was located out of [[al-Baqi' cemetery]], fifteen meters away from the walls of the cemetery on the west side, facing the tombs of the [[Imams of al-Baqi'|four Imams in al-Baqi']]. Half of its area was located on the street, and half of it on the sidewalk, and the [[pilgrims]] would visit his mausoleum from the sidewalk.<ref>Najmī, ''Tārīkh-i ḥaram-i aʾimma-yi baqīʿ'', p. 289-290.</ref> | ||
Isma'il's grave was visited by Shi'a pilgrims, especially Isma'ilis, and, according to Ayyashi's report, in the 11th/17th century, it was very popular. Iranian pilgrims would visit his grave during their stay in [[Medina]], and some of them have recorded descriptions of his mausoleum in their diaries. | Isma'il's grave was visited by Shi'a pilgrims, especially Isma'ilis, and, according to Ayyashi's report, in the 11th/17th century, it was very popular.<ref>ʿAyyāshī, ''al-Madīna al-munawwara'', p. 175.</ref> Iranian pilgrims would visit his grave during their stay in [[Medina]], and some of them have recorded descriptions of his mausoleum in their diaries. | ||
====After Destruction==== | ====After Destruction==== | ||
Isma'il's mausoleum was destroyed by Wahhabis among other tomes and graves in al-Baqi'. In 1394/1974, when the street on the west side of al-Baqi' was rebuilt, the area around Isma'il's grave was destroyed and Isma'il's body allegedly appeared intact. Then, it is reported, his body was transferred by the efforts of Isma'ili leaders to a place inside al-Baqi'. | Isma'il's mausoleum was destroyed by Wahhabis among other tomes and graves in al-Baqi'. In 1394/1974, when the street on the west side of al-Baqi' was rebuilt, the area around Isma'il's grave was destroyed and Isma'il's body allegedly appeared intact.<ref>Najmī, ''Tārīkh-i ḥaram-i aʾimma-yi baqīʿ'', p. 290.</ref> Then, it is reported, his body was transferred by the efforts of Isma'ili leaders to a place inside al-Baqi'. | ||
However, his new burial place is not exactly known; it is reported that his body was buried near the grave of [[Umm al-Banin]], near the graves of the [[martyrs of al-Harra]], or ten meters away from the grave of [[Halima al-Sa'diyya]] at the end of al-Baqi'. | However, his new burial place is not exactly known; it is reported that his body was buried near the grave of [[Umm al-Banin]], near the graves of the [[martyrs of al-Harra]], or ten meters away from the grave of [[Halima al-Sa'diyya]] at the end of al-Baqi'.<ref>Najmī, ''Tārīkh-i ḥaram-i aʾimma-yi baqīʿ'', p. 291.</ref> | ||
==Notes== | |||
{{Notes}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
* The | {{ref}} | ||
*Abū Ḥātam al-Rāzī, Aḥmad. ''Al-Zīna''. aghdad: [n.p], 1392 AH. | |||
*Abū l-Naṣr al-Bukhārī, Sahl. ''Sirr al-salsala al-ʿalawīyya''. Edited by Muḥammad Ṣādiq Baḥr al-ʿUlūm. Najaf: Baḥr al-ʿUlūm, 1381 AH. | |||
*ʿAlawī, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-. ''Al-Majdī fī ansāb al-ṭālibīyyīn''. Edited by al-Mahdawī. Qom: Maktabat al-Najafī, 1409 AH. | |||
*Ashʿarī, Saʿd b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ''Al-Maqālāt wa l-firaq''. Edited by Muḥammad Jawād Mashkūr. Tehran: Muʾassisa-yi Maṭbūʿātī ʿAṭāʾī, 1963. | |||
*ʿAyyāshī, ''al-Madīna al-munawwara fī riḥlat al-ʿAyyāshī''. Edited by Muḥammad Maḥzūn. Kuwait: Dār al-Arqam, 1406 AH. | |||
*Badawī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-. ''Shakhṣiyyāt qaliqa fī l-Islām''. Cairo: [n.p], 1964. | |||
*Dhahabī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-. ''Tārīkh al-Islām wa wafayāt al-mashāhīr''. Edited by ʿUmar ʿAbd al-Salām. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1410 AH. | |||
*Fakhr al-Rāzī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-. ''Al-Shajara al-mubāraka fī ansāb al-ṭālibīyya''. Qom: Maktabat Āyatollāh Marʿashī al-Najafī, 1409 AH. | |||
*Ibn Ḥazm, ʿAlī b. Aḥmad. ''Jumhurat ansāb al-ʿarab''. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1403 AH. | |||
*Ibn ʿInaba, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. ''ʿUmdat al-ṭālib fī ansāb Āl Abī Ṭālib''. Najaf: Maktabat al-Thiqāfa al-Dīnīyya, 1380 AH. | |||
*Ibn Shahrāshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib''. Qom: Nashr-i ʿAllāma, 1379 AH. | |||
*Jaʿfar b. Manṣūr al-Yaman. ''Sarāʾir wa asrār''. Edited by Muṣṭafā al-Ghālib. Beirut: Dār al-Āndulus, 1404 AH. | |||
*Kashshī, ''Maʿrifat al-Rijāl''. Edited by Ḥasan al-Muṣṭafawī. Mashhad: [n.p], 1348 AH. | |||
*Lewis, Bernard. ''The Origins of Isma'ilism''. London: Cambridge, 1940. | |||
*Maqrizī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī al-. ''Ittiʿāẓ al-ḥunafā bi-akhbār al-aʾimma al-fāṭimīyyīn al-khulafāʾ''. Edited by Jamāl al-Dīn Shayyāl. Cairo: wizārat li-Awqāf, 1387 AH. | |||
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*Najmī, Muḥammad Ṣādiq. ''Tārīkh-i ḥaram-i aʾimma-yi baqīʿ''. Qom: Mashʿar, 1380 Sh. | |||
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*Qummī, Ḥasan b. Muḥammad. ''Tārikh Qom''. Translated to Farsi by ʿAbd al-Malik Qummi. Tehran: Tūs, 1361 Sh. | |||
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*Sayyid Murtaḍā. ''Al-Fuṣūl al-mukhtāra''. Najaf: al-Maṭbaʿa al-Ḥaydarīyya, [n.d]. | |||
*Shahristānī, Muḥmmad. ''Al-Milal wa l-niḥal''. Edited by Kīlānī. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, [n.d]. | |||
*Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Iʿlām al-warā''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, [n.d]. | |||
*Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''al-Ghayba''. Edited by ʿIbād Allāh Tihrānī. Qom: Nāṣiḥ, 1411 AH. | |||
*Yāqūt al-Hamawī. ''Muʿjam al-buldān''. Beirut: Dār al-Ṣādir, 1995. | |||
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{{Imam al-Sadiq (a)}} | {{Imam al-Sadiq (a)}} | ||
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[[Category:Ismailism]] | [[Category:Ismailism]] | ||
[[Category:Children of Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] | [[Category:Children of Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] | ||