'Abd Allah b. al-Imam 'Ali (a)

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'Abd Allah b. al-Imam 'Ali (a)
The mausoleum of the collective grave of the martyrs of Karbala in the shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)
The mausoleum of the collective grave of the martyrs of Karbala in the shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)
Full Name'Abd Allah b. Ali b. Abi Talib
Companion ofImam al-Husayn (a)
TeknonymAbu Muhammad
Religious AffiliationImamiyya
LineageBanu Hashim
Wellknown RelativesUmm al-Banin (mother), 'Abbas b. 'Ali (a) (brother)
Birth35/655-6
Place(s) of ResidenceMedina
Death/Martyrdom61/680
Cause of
Death/Martyrdom
Martyrdom in the Battle of Karbala
Burial PlaceKarbala, Iraq


ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: عبد الله بن علي بن أبي طالب) (b. 35/655-6 - d. 61/680) , one of the martyrs of Karbala, was the son of Imam Ali (a) and Fatima bt. Hizam (known as Umm al-Banin) and a brother of 'Abbas b. Ali (a). 'Abd Allah was 8 years younger than his brother 'Abbas (a), but he was older than his other brothers. Some sources said that he was the first among his brothers.

His Life

The name of 'Abd Allah b. al-Imam 'Ali (a) has also been mentioned in history books as 'Abd Allah al-Akbar[1] and 'Abd Allah al-Asghar[2] with the teknonym of Abu Muhammad.[3] The name of his mother was Umm al-Banin bt. Hazam.[4]

According to Abu l-Faraj, 'Abd Allah was martyred at the age of 25;[5] however, some sources have said that he was 8 years younger than his brother Abbas (a) (who was martyred at the age of 34),[6] but he was older than his other brothers.[7] He lived with his father for 6 years and there is no more information about him before the Battle of 'Ashura.

Family tree of Ahl al-Bayt (a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Khadija
 
 
 
Muhammad
 
 
 
Mariya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Al-Qasim
 
'Abd Allah
 
Lady Fatima
 
 
 
Ibrahim
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam Ali
 
 
 
 
Umm al-Banin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Husayn
 
 
Imam al-Hasan
 
Lady Zaynab
 
Umm Kulthum
 
Muhsin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Al-'Abbas
 
Abd Allah
 
Uthman
 
Ja'far
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Muhammad
 
'Awn
 
Ali
 
Al-'Abbas
 
Umm Kulthum
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Al-Hasan
 
Al-Qasim
 
'Abd Allah
 
Fatima
 
Zayd
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
'Abd Allah
 
Zaynab
 
Ibrahim
 
Al-Hasan
 
al-Hasan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Muhammad
 
Ibrahim
 
Idris
 
 
 
 
 
Nafisa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Sajjad
 
'Ali al-Akbar
 
'Ali al-Asghar
 
Fatima
 
Sukayna
 
Ruqayya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Baqir
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Zayd
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Sadiq
 
'Abd Allah
 
Ibrahim
 
'Ubayd Allah
 
'Ali
 
Yahya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Kazim
 
Muhammad
 
Ali
 
Ishaq
 
Umm Farwa
 
'Abd Allah
 
Isma'il
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Rida
 
Ma'suama
 
Hamza
 
Ishaq
 
Ahmad
 
Ibrahim
 
Muhammad
 
 
 
Imam al-Jawad
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Hadi
 
Musa
 
Fatima
 
Hakima
 
Amama
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-'Askari
 
Husayn
 
Muhammad
 
Ja'far
 
 
 
Imam al-Mahdi
 
 


Martyrdom

There is no doubt about his presence in Karbala and his martyrdom, as Ibn Sa'd, Ibn Qutayba, al-Tabari, Abu l-Faraj, al-Khwarizmi, al-Shaykh al-Tusi and others have counted him among the martyrs.[8]

Some mentioned him as the first martyr among his brothers. Also, reports are mentioning that he was martyred after his brother Ja'far.[9]

About the way he was martyred, it is reported that when the companions of Imam al-Husayn (a) and some of the Ahl al-Bayt (a) were martyred, Abbas (a) called 'Abd Allah and told him, "Go to the battlefield, so that I see your courage and take the pain of [losing] you a cause for my reward because you do not have any children." 'Abd Allah accepted and while he was making a battle cry, attacked the enemy.[10] In the battle with the army of 'Umar b. Sa'd, 'Abd Allah b. Ali killed some of them[11] and was finally martyred.

Some sources have mentioned Hani b. Thubayt al-Hadrami as the murderer of 'Abd Allah b. Ali. They said that he struck 'Abd Allah on the head and martyred him.[12] But, another report, mentions Khuli b. Yazid as the murderer of 'Abd Allah, who shot an arrow at 'Abd Allah, and then, a man from Banu Tamim from Aban b. Daram martyred him.[13] They have mentioned 'Abd Allah's age 25 years old upon his martyrdom.[14] Abu l-Faraj believes that 'Abd Allah had no children.[15] But, al-Tabari mentioned a person called 'Abbas b. Hasan b. 'Abd Allah b. Ali (a)[16] who was a grandson of 'Abd Allah b. Ali (a).

His Name in Ziyarah al-Nahiya al-Muqaddasa

The name of 'Abd Allah b. Ali (a) has been mentioned in the Ziyarah al-Nahiya al-Muqaddasa and he has been praised.[17]

Notes

  1. ʿAmrī, al-Majdī fī ansāb al-ṭālibīn, p. 15.
  2. Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib, vol. 4, p. 112.
  3. ʿAmrī, al-Majdī fī ansāb al-ṭālibīn, p. 15; Maḥallātī, Fursān al-hayjāʾ, vol. 5, p. 69.
  4. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 3, p. 14; Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓam, vol. 5, p. 69.
  5. Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 88.
  6. Ibn Funduq, Labāb al-ansāb, vol. 1, p. 307; Maghribī, Sharḥ al-akhbār, vol. 3, p. 194.
  7. Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 82; Shams al-Dīn, Anṣār al-Ḥusayn (a), p. 67.
  8. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 3, p. 14; Dīnawarī, al-Maʿārif, p. 88; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī, vol. 5, p. 153; Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 88; Ṭūsī, al-Rijāl, p. 86.
  9. Ibn Aʿtham, Kitāb al-Futūḥ, vol. 5, p. 207; Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 88; Khwārizmī, Maqtal al-Ḥusayn, vol. 2, p. 109.
  10. Ibn Aʿtham, Kitāb al-Futūḥ, vol. 5, p. 114; Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib, vol. 4, p. 116.
  11. Maḥallātī, Fursān al-hayjāʾ, vol. 5, p. 250.
  12. Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 407; Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 257; Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 88; Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 109; Ṭabrisī, Iʿlām al-warā, vol. 1, p. 466.
  13. Shajarī, al-Amālī al-khamīsīya, vol. 1, p. 117; Maḥallī, al-Ḥadāʾiq al-wardīyya, vol. 1, p. 120.
  14. Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 88; Ṭabrisī, Iʿlām al-warā, vol. 1, p. 395.
  15. Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 88.
  16. Ṭabarī, Tārīkh-i Ṭabarī, vol. 8, p. 235.
  17. Ibn Ṭāwūs, Miṣbāh al-zā'ir, p. 279-280.

References

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