Amr b. Junada al-Ansari
ʿAmr b. Junāda al-Ansārī was among the companions of Imam al-Husayn (a) and the martyrs of Karbala. After the martyrdom of his father, Junada b. Harath, 'Amr's mother ordered him to ask permission from Imam al-Husayn (a) to go to the battlefield. Then he went and fought with the enemies and was martyred.
 Burial Place of most of the martyrs of the Battle of Karbala, near the holy grave of Imam al-Husayn (a) in his shrine | |
| Full Name | Amr b. Junada b. al-Harith al-Ansari |
|---|---|
| Companion of | Imam al-Husayn (a) |
| Wellknown Relatives | Junada b. Harath (father) |
| Death/Martyrdom | 61/680 |
| Cause ofDeath/Martyrdom | Martyred in the Battle of Karbala |
| Burial Place | Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a), Karbala |
His Name and Lineage
Some sources have mentioned his name 'Umar.[1] His father, Junada b. Harath was among the companions of the Prophet (s) and sincere followers of Imam Ali (a) who participated in the Battle of Siffin.[2] According to some sources, his mother was Bahriyya, daughter of Mas'ud al-Khazraji, who was among brave women present in Karbala.[3]
Joining Imam al-Husayn (a)
'Amr b. Junada was 21 years old when he was martyred[4] and according to another report, he was 11 or 9 years old.[5] He joined Imam al-Husayn (a) with his mother and father in Mecca and after his father,[6] Junada was martyred on the Day of 'Ashura; his mother ordered him to go and fight the enemy, telling him, "My son! Go and help al-Husayn (a)!" He went to Imam (a) and asked for permission to go to the battlefield. First, Imam (a) did not give permission, so 'Amr once again mentioned his request. Then, Imam (a) said, "This young man's father has been martyred; so, maybe his mother would not like him to go to the battlefield." He said, "O son of the Prophet (s)! My mother has ordered me to help you and has put on me the clothes for fighting." Thus, Imam (a) gave him permission and he went to the battlefield.[7]
His War Cry
In the battlefield, 'Amr shouted this war cry:[8]
- "My commander is Husayn (a) and what a good commander he is. He is the delight of the heart of the Prophet (s), giving glad tidings and the warner. His father is Ali (a) and his mother is Fatima (a). Do you anyone like him? He has a face of bright sun and a forehead like the moon."
Some have also reported that he shouted the war cry as following:[9]
- "I will make breathing difficult for son of Hind and I will shoot arrow at his throat; by the help of the horsemen of the Helpers and the Immigrants who colored their spears with the blood of disbelievers under the dust of the battlefield. At the time of the Prophet of God, Muhammad (s), spears were colored and today they will be colored by the blood of mischief-makers. They will be colored with the blood of people left the Qur'an to help villains and they seek their blood spilt in the Battle of Badr and they hid it under sharp swords and erected spears. By God I swear, I will hit mischief-makers with sharp sword. Today, this is the right upon me and obligatory for me an everyday, it is to be encountered and to be helped."
His Martyrdom
It is reported that 'Amr fought with the enemies until he was martyred. Malik b. Nasr beheaded him and threw his head toward the army of Imam al-Husayn (a). 'Amr's mother picked up his head and said, "Bravo my son! O delight of my heart and O light of my eyes!" Then she threw the head toward one of the people of the enemy. Then, she pulled the pole of the tent and by which attacked the enemy. Imam (a) brought her back and prayed for her.[10] Some reports say that she recited the following poem when she attacked the enemy:
- "I am a weak, old and disabled woman among women; but I will hit you hard in defense of the children of the Noble Fatima (a)."
Al-Khwarazmi has written that this woman killed two people of the enemy in her attack.
In the Ziyarah al-Shuhada, the names of 'Amr and his father have been mentioned, "Peace be upon 'Junada b. Ka'b al-Ansari al-Khazraji and his son 'Amr b. Junada."
Notes
- ↑ Samāwī, Ibṣār al-ʿayn, vol. 1, p. 159.
- ↑ Rasūlī Maḥallātī, Zindigānī-i Imām Ḥusayn (a), vol. 1, p. 452-453.
- ↑ Mamaqānī, Tanqīḥ al-maqāl, vol. 2, p. 327.
- ↑ Muqarram, Maqtal al-Ḥusayn, vol. 1, p. 253.
- ↑ Mamaqānī, Tanqīḥ al-maqāl, vol. 2, p. 327.
- ↑ Samāwī, Ibṣār al-ʿayn, vol. 1, p. 159.
- ↑ Ḥāʾirī Shīrāzī, Dhakhīrat al-dārayn, vol. 1, p. 435.
- ↑ Ḥāʾirī Shīrāzī, Dhakhīrat al-dārayn, vol. 1, p. 435.
- ↑ Khwārizmī, Maqtal al-Ḥusayn, vol. 2, p. 25.
- ↑ Ḥāʾirī Shīrāzī, Dhakhīrat al-dārayn, vol. 1, p. 435.
References
- Ḥāʾirī Shīrāzī, Sayyid ʿAbd al-Majīd. Dhakhīrat al-dārayn fīmā yataʿalaq bi maṣā'ib al-Ḥusayn (a) wa asḥābih. Edited by Muḥammad Bāqir Duryāb. Qom: Zamzam-i Hidāyat, [n.d].
- Khwārizmī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. Maqtal al-Ḥusayn. Qom: Anwār al-Hudā, 1423 AH.
- Mamaqānī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥasan. Tanqīḥ al-maqāl fī ʿilm al-rijāl. Najaf: Lithography, 1349-1352 AH.
- Muqarram, ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-. Maqtal al-Ḥusayn. Translated by Muḥammad Mahdī ʿAzīz Ilāhī Kirmānī. Qom: Navid-i Islām, 1381 Sh.
- Rasūlī Maḥallātī, Sayyid Hāshim. Zindigānī-i Imām Ḥusayn (a). Qom: Daftar-i Nashr-i Farhang-i Islāmī, 1375 Sh.
- Samāwī, Muḥammad b. Ṭāhir al-. Ibṣār al-ʿayn fī anṣār al-Ḥusayn (a). 1st edition. Qom: Dānishgāh-i Shahīd Maḥallātī, 1419 AH.