This article is an introduction to the Sura Ibrahim; to read its text see text:Sura Ibrahim.
Sūra Ibrāhīm (Arabic: سورة إبراهیم) is the fourteenth sura of the Qur'an in the traditional order and the seventy second sura in the chronological order of revelation. It has fifty two verses, and located in the thirteenth juz' of the Qur'an. It is a Makki sura of the Qur'an.
| al-Ra'd | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Sura Number | 14 |
| Juz' | 13 |
| Revelation | |
| Revelation Number | 72 |
| Information | |
| Verse Count | 52 |
| Word Count | 833 |
| Letter Count | 3541\ |
It was called "Ibrahim" because it involves the stories and supplications of the Prophet Ibrahim (a).The main topic of sura Ibrahim (a) is description of the Day of Judgment, story of Prophet Ibrahim (a) and building Ka'ba by him. In this sura, the stories of Prophet Moses (a) and Banu Isra'il, Prophet Noah (a) and people of 'Ad and Thamud are mentioned.
the verse seven of sura Ibrahim is among famous verses of this sura mentioning that showing gratitude for blessings of God results in their increase and showing ingratitude about them leads to divine punishment. It is mentioned in hadiths that whoever recites sura Ibrahim and Sura al-Hijr (Qur'an 15) in the two rak'as of the Friday prayer, will be saved from poverty, insanity and afflictions.
Introduction
- Naming
This sura is called Ibrahim because it deals with the story of Prophet Ibrahim (a).[1]
- Place and order of revelation
Sura Ibrahim is the fourteenth sura of the Qur'an[2] and located in juz' thirteen. It is the seventieth sura revealed to the Prophet (s). It was revealed in Mecca, except for verses twenty eight-twenty nine which were, according to many exegetes of the Qur'an, revealed in Medina with regard to polytheists who were killed in the Battle of Badr.[3]
- Number of Verses and Other Features
Sura Ibrahim contains fifty two verses, 833 words, and 3541 letters. As to its size, the sura counts as a Mathani sura, occupying almost more than one hizb of the Qur'an. It is also one of the suras that begin with Muqatta'at (disjoined letters).[4]
Content
The main topic of sura Ibrahim (a) is description of the Day of Judgment, story of Prophet Ibrahim (a) and building Ka'ba by him. In this sura, it is mentioned that Islam is the same religion of Prophet Ibrahim (a).
Other issues mentioned in this sura are:
- Unity of all divine religions,
- Mentioning the blessings of God,
- Results of the gratitude for blessings and showing ingratitude for them and the destiny of the grateful ones and deniers.
- In some verses of this sura, it is mentioned that in the hereafter, Satan tells people, "So do not blame me, but blame yourselves."[5]
| Failure of Dissidents of Prophethood | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First topic: verses 1-8 Invitation to monotheism: the goal of prophets | Second topic: verses 9-14 Measures of disbelievers against prophets | Third topic: verses 15-18 Punishment for opposition with prophets | Forth topic: verses 19-41 Reasons for falsehood of polytheists’ beliefs | Fifth topic: verses 42-51 Certainty of the punishment of the Prophet’s (a) enemies in this world and in the hereafter | Conclusion: verse 52 God is One and should not be opposed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First point: verses 1-4 Invitation of the Prophet (a) to monotheism | First point: verse 9 Opposition to monotheistic invitation of prophets | First point: verse 15 To be disappointed and to be perished | First point: verses 19-23 Humiliation of polytheists in this world and in the hereafter | First point: verses 42-43 Hastening of God in punishing disbelievers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Second point: verses 5-8 Invitation of Prophet Moses (a) to monotheism | Second point: verses 10-12 Denying the connection of prophets with God | Second point: verses 16-17 To be afflicted by the punishments of the hell | Second point: verses 24-27 The effect of belief in monotheism in happiness of human being | Second point: verses 44-45 Regret of disbelievers upon seeing the punishment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third point: verses 13-14 Threatening and coercion against prophets | Third point: verse 18 Spoilage of actions | Third point: verses 28-34 Polytheism is ingratitude for the blessings of God | Third point: verses 46-47 God's neutralization of the plans of the infidels | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forth point: verses 35-41 Opposition of prophet Abraham's (a) religion with polytheism | Forth point: verses 48-51 Punishment of disbelievers in the hereafter | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Well-Known Verse
| “ | If you are grateful, I will surely enhance you [in blessing], but if you are ungrateful, My punishment is indeed severe. | ” |
| — Qur'an, 14:7. | ||
According to a hadith from Imam al-Sadiq (a), "Shukr" (thanking God) is the same as avoiding the sins, and "itmam al-shukr" (perfecting thankfulness) consists in reciting "al-hamd lillah rabb al-'alamin" (All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of all the worlds).[7]
Historical Stories and Narrations
- Prophet Moses's (a) address to Israelites about being released of Pharaoh's oppression and expressing gratitude to God (Verses 6-8)
- The story of the people of Prophet Noah (a), people of 'Ad and people of Thamud and the Prophets' conversations with them (Verses 9-15)
- Prophet Ibrahim's (a) supplication about making Mecca secure and keeping his progeny away from polytheism and his gratitude for giving him prophets Isma'il (a) and Ishaq (a) (Isaac) in his old ages (verses 35-41)
Notions
Sura Ibrahim begins with the role of the Qur'an in taking people out of the darkness of polytheism to the lights of monotheism and ends with the role of the Qur'an in warning people and calling them to monotheism. It consists of some beliefs, advice, stories of earlier people, the purpose of sending the prophets and the revelation of Holy Books. Some verses of this sura are concerned with the story of the Prophet Ibrahim (a), and his supplications. It is also concerned with the history of earlier prophets, such as Noah (a), Moses (a), and the people of 'Ad and Thamud.
Merits and Benefits
Some merits are cited for the recitation of Sura Ibrahim. For example, if someone recites Sura Ibrahim and Qur'an 15 (Sura al-Hijr) in two rak'as of Friday prayers, he will be immune to poverty, madness, and catastrophes.[8]
External Links
Notes
- ↑ Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1240.
- ↑ Maʿrifat, Āmūzish-i ʿulūm-i Qurʾān, vol. 1, p. 166.
- ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, vol. 13, p. 92.
- ↑ Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1240.
- ↑ Qur'an, 14:22; Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1240.
- ↑ Khamagar, Muhammad, Sakhtar-i suraha-yi Qur'an-i karim, Mu'assisa-yi Farhangi-yi Qur'an wa 'Itrat-i Nur al-Thaqalayn, Qom: Nashra, ed.1, 1392 Sh.
- ↑ Baḥrānī, al-Burhān, vol. 3, p. 288.
- ↑ Ṣadūq, Thawāb al-aʿmāl, p. 243.
References
- Baḥrānī, Sayyid Hāshim b. Sulaymān. Al-Burhān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Qom: Bunyād-i Biʿthat, 1416 AH.
- Khurramshāhī, Bahāʾ al-Dīn. Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān wa Qurʾān pazhūhī. Tehran: Dūstān-Nāhīd, 1377 Sh.
- Maʿrifat, Muḥammad Hādī. Āmūzish-i ʿulūm-i Qurʾān, Qom: Muʾassisa-yi Farhangī Intishārātī al-Tamhīd, 1388 Sh.
- Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. Thawāb al-aʿmāl wa ʿiqāb al-aʿmāl. Edited by Muḥammad Riḍā Anṣārī. Qom: Nasīm-i Kawthar, 1382 Sh.
- Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Edited by Hāshim Rasūlī. Tehran: Farāhānī, [n.d].