Al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi al-Hakim
 Ayatollah al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi al-Hahim | |
| Personal Information | |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi al-Hakim |
| Lineage | Hakim family |
| Well-Known Relatives | Sayyid Muhammad Sa'id al-Hakim (his father) |
| Birth | 1341/1922-3 |
| Residence | Najaf |
| Studied in | Najaf |
| Death | Safar 1423/April 2002 |
| Burial Place | Najaf |
| Scholarly Information | |
| Professors | al-Sayyid Abu l-Qasim al-Khoei, His father, al-Sayyid Muhammad Husayn al-Hakim, Shaykh 'Ali Thamir, ... |
| Works | Al-Usul al-'amma li l-fiqh al-muqaran, Al-Ishtrak wa al-taraduf, ... |
| Scholarly Activities | Head of College of Fiqh, member of Jam'iyya Muntada al-Nashr, member of the council (Lajna) of writing of the Mawsu'at al-Fiqh al-Islami, ... |
Al-Sayyid Muḥammad Taqī al-Ḥakīm (Arabic: السید محمدتقی الحکیم) (b.1341/1922-3 – d.1423/2002) was among the teacher of Najaf seminary. He became the head of the faculty of jurisprudence in Najaf after Shaykh Muhammad Rida Muzaffar. Al-Usul al-'amma li l-fiqh al-muqaran is his most famous work.
His Birth
Al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi was born in 1341/1922-3 in Najaf. His father, al-Sayyid Muhammad Sa'id b. Sayyid Husayn was a scholar and a teacher of jurisprudence and principles of jurisprudence who passed away in 1396/1975 in Najaf and had some works in form of marginal notes on references of jurisprudence and principles of jurisprudence.
His Education
Al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi learned logic, rhetoric, jurisprudence and principles of jurisprudence from his father, older brother al-Sayyid Muhammad Husayn al-Hakim, Shaykh 'Ali Thamir, al-Sayyid Yusuf al-Hakim and al-Sayyid Muhammad 'Ali Hakim.
He studied philosophy and history under Shaykh Muhammad Rida Muzaffar and studied higher levels of jurisprudence and principles of jurisprudence under al-Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim, Shaykh Husayn al-Hilli, al-Sayyid Abu l-Qasim al-Khoei and Sayyid Hasan Bujnurdi.
Scholarly Activities
Head of College
He was a member of Jam'iyya Muntada al-Nashr and after Shaykh Muhammad Rida Muzaffar, the first head of the College of fiqh in Najaf passed away, he took the position and taught principles of jurisprudence and history as well as comparative jurisprudence.
He made a lot of efforts in developing this college and asked lecturers of Baghdad University to come to the College of fiqh and teach history, sociology and psychology. He himself also began teaching comparative principles of jurisprudence in Baghdad University from 1964 and also wrote many articles in journals such as Najaf wa al-Iman.
His Membership in Academic Societies
Al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi was a member of many academic societies in Iraq and other Arab countries and participated in different academic conferences in other countries and gave speech in them. He had a close relationship with teachers of al-Azhar University and visited them many times, reports of which are published in articles under the title of Ahadith-u min al-Qahira in the journal al-Iman.
Supervisor of Thesis
Al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi helped one of the PhD students of al-Azhar University in his thesis in principles of jurisprudence with the title of Dalil al-'Aql 'Ind al-Shi'a al-Imamiyya and wrote a preface on it for publication. In that preface, he insisted on the necessity of the proximity of Islamic sects.
Member of Da'irat al-Ma'arif Council
He was a member of the council (Lajna) of writing of the Mawsu'at al-fiqh al-Islami [the Encyclopedia of Islamic Jurisprudence]. The purpose of writing this encyclopedia was to record and present jurisprudential rulings of Islamic sects without any change, modification or prioritizing.
Scholarly Works
Al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi Tababtaba'i al-Hakim had many works some of which are,
- Al-Usul al-'amma li l-fiqh al-muqaran (Beirut, 1963)
- Al-Ishtrak wa al-taraduf (Baghdad, 1965)
- Qissat al-taqrib bayn al-madhahib al-Islamiyya (Kuwait, 1978)
- Sunnat Ahl al-Bayt (a) (Kuwait, 1978)
- Manahij al-bahth fi al-tarikh (Kuwait, 1978)
- Malik al-Ashtar (Najaf, 1946)
Al-Usul al-'amma li l-fiqh al-muqaran is his most famous work. This book covers comparative issues of the principles of jurisprudence which al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi al-Hakim taught as the Entry to Comparative Jurisprudence for students of years three and Four of the college of fiqh and was published in Beirut after some revisions by him with the title of al-Usul al-'amma li l-fiqh al-mutaqarin in 1963.
His Capture and Demise
Ba'th regime of Iraq captured al-Sayyid Muhammad Taqi al-Hakim together with some other members of al-Hakim family and prisoned them but later released some of them due to their old age and illness.
He passed away in Safar 1423/April 2002 in Najaf.
References
- The material for this article is mainly taken from سید محمدتقی حکیم in Farsi Wikishia.