Sayyid Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi

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This article is about Sayyid Mahmud Hashemi Shahrudi. For other people named Shahrudi, see Shahrudi (disambiguation).
Sayyid Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
Personal Information
Full NameSayyid Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
Religious AffiliationShi'a
Well-Known RelativesSayyid Ali Hashemi Shahroudi (father)
BirthAugust 26, 1949
Place of BirthNajaf
ResidenceNajaf, Qom, Tehran
DeathRabi' II 16, 1440/December 24, 2018, Tehran
Burial PlaceQom, Holy Shrine of Lady Fatima al-Ma'suma (a)
Scholarly Information
ProfessorsMuhammad Baqir al-Sadr, Imam Khomeini, and Abu l-Qasim al-Khoei
WorksBuhuth fi 'ilm al-usul
Scholarly
Activities		A member of the fiqh council of Ayatollah Khamenei
Socio-Political Activities
Socio-Political
Activities		Head of the Judiciary, director of Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq, A member and head of the Expediency Discernment Council of the System, A member and deputy chairman in the society of teachers in the seminary of Qom and so on.
Official Websitehttp://hashemishahroudi.org/en


Sayyid Mahmoud Hāshemī Shāhroudī (Persian: سید محمود هاشمی شاهرودی), (b. 1948 - d. 2018) is an Iranian jurist, a politician and a Shi'a religious authority. He was born in Najaf. In his youth, he followed intellectual principles and practical conduct of his teacher al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr and began his activities in the seminary of Najaf and fought against Saddam's regime.

After the Islamic Revolution in Iran and due to the pressures of Saddam's regime, he followed the advice of al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr and went to Iran. At that time, he founded the Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq and at the same time, continued teaching and research in jurisprudence and principles of jurisprudence.

Some of his most important responsibilities he has had in the Islamic Republic of Iran have been being a member of the Guardian Council of the Constitution, a member and deputy chairman in the Assembly of Experts of the Leadership, head of the Judiciary, head of the Supreme Committee for Dispute Resolution and Alignment of the Relations between the three Powers, a member and head of the Expediency Discernment Council of the System. After months of battling with illness, he eventually passed away on December 24, 2018 at the age of 70.

Life and Education

Sayyid Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi, was born in 1949 in Najaf, Iraq. His father Sayyid Ali Hashimi Shahrudi was a student of Ayatollah Koei.[1] His mother was a daughter of Sayyid 'Ali Madad Musawi Qa'ini, one of the scholars of Khorasan.[2] He married a grandchild of Sayyid Mahmud Husayni Shahrudi.[3]

After months of suffering from illness, he passed away on Rabi' II 15, 1440/December 24, 2018 at the age of 70.[4] Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei led his funeral prayer[5] and he was buried in Shrine of Lady Fatima al-Ma'suma.[6]

Scientific Activity

He began his primary educations in Alawi school in Najaf and then entered the seminary and learned basic lessons of Najaf Islamic seminary, mostly in private classes. Afterwards, he participated in the class of al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr and learned the principles of ijtihad. He also participated in the classes of Imam Khomeini and Sayyid Abu l-Qasim al-Khoei for a short while.[7]

When Hashemi Shahroudi entered Iran in 1979, Imam Khomeini asked him to begin teaching at the seminary of Qom. Since then, his advanced classes in fiqh and usul have been held.

Hashemi Shahroudi with his teacher Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr.

He has been one of the members of the fiqh council of Ayatollah Khamenei for years. He has also been the chairman of the two congresses of the "Role of Time and Place in the Thoughts of Imam Khomeini" and the "First Congress of Islamic Fiqh Encyclopedia". He was the head of the Institute for the Encyclopedia of Islamic Fiqh, appointed by Ayatollah Khamenei and has published several articles in the Quarterly of Fiqh of the Ahl al-Bayt (a).[8] Foundation of the University of Justice is among his educational and scientific activities.[9]

His most important books are:

  • Buhuth fi 'ilm al-usul (the lecture notes of al-Sayyid Muammad Baqir al-Sadr's lectures on usul in seven volumes)
  • Kitab al-khums (two volumes)
  • Maqalat fiqhiyya
  • Qa'idat al-faraq wa l-tajawuz (the Rule of Completion and Passing)
  • Tafsir aya-yi mawaddat-i dhi l-Qurba (the exegesis of Love of Relatives' verse)
  • Buhuth fi l-ilm al-zira'i
  • Muhadarat fi l-thawra al-Husayniyya
  • Al-sawm
  • Al-tarbiya wa l-hidaya
  • Kitab al-ijara (two volumes)
  • Kitab al-zakat (four volumes)
  • Kitab al-mudaraba
  • Qara'at fiqhiyya mu'asara (two volumes)
  • Manasik al-hajj (in Farsi and Arabic)
  • Masa'il wa rudud
  • Al-sirat
  • Kitab al-hajj
  • Azwa' wa ara' (three volumes)
  • Risala tawzih al-masa'i (manual of fatwas)[10]

Political Activities

During the years of his education and teaching in Najaf, Hashemi Shahroudi followed the thought model of his teacher al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr and engaged in political activities. Following the attacks of the agents of Saddam to Shi'a scholars in 1974, he was imprisoned and tortured.[11] After the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, he organized demonstrations in different cities of Iraq, especially in Najaf to commemorate that victory and was prosecuted by the Baath regime of Iraq. He went to Iran following the advice of al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr to be in contact with Imam Khomeini as the representative of al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr.[12] After he went to Iran, followed the suggestion of Ayatollah Khamenei who managed the Islamic movements at that time to establish the Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq along with some political activists and scholars, especially al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Hakim. Hashemi Shahroudi was the spokesman of the Council for a while.[13]

After being appointed as the head of the Expediency Discernment Council of the System, he had a journey to Iraq and met up with politicians of that country.[14]

Responsibilities

In addition to being the director and spokesman of the Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq, Hashemi Shahroudi had some high responsibilities in the Islamic Republic of Iran, the most important ones of which have been:

Notes

  1. ↑ Khatīb, Partuwī az zindigī-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh al-ʿUzmā Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī, p. 7
  2. ↑ Khatīb, Partuwī az zindigī-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh al-ʿUzmā Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī, p. 14-15
  3. ↑ Khatīb, Partuwī az zindigī-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh al-ʿUzmā Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī, p. 16
  4. ↑ Iran's senior cleric Ayatollah Shahroudi passes away
  5. ↑ Iranian people, officials attend funeral service for late Ayatollah Shahroudi
  6. ↑ https://www.presstv.com/detail/2018/12/26/584057/ayatollah-shahroudi-laid-to-rest-in-qom
  7. ↑ Khatīb, Partuwī az zindigī-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh al-ʿUzmā Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī, p. 22-23
  8. ↑ Zindigīnāma-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī
  9. ↑ http://www.edalat.ac.ir/Index.aspx?page_=form&lang=1&sub=0&tempname=Main&PageID=20 Hiyʾat-i Muʾassis-i Danishgāh-i ʿIdālat
  10. ↑ Khatīb, Partuwī az zindigī-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh al-ʿUzmā Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī, p. 55-58
  11. ↑ Khatīb, Partuwī az zindigī-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh al-ʿUzmā Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī, p. 48
  12. ↑ Khatīb, Partuwī az zindigī-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh al-ʿUzmā Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī, p. 49
  13. ↑ Zindigīnāma-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī
  14. ↑ Didar-i Ayatollāh Hāshimī Shahrūdī ba Nouri al-Maliki
  15. ↑ Zindigīnāma-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī

References

  • Khatīb, Sayyid Maḥmūd. Partuwī az zindigī-yi Hazrat-i Ayatollāh al-ʿUzmā Sayyid Maḥmūd Hāshimī Shahrūdī. 1432 Ah.


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