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Hadith al-Thaqalayn: Difference between revisions
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[[File:حدیث ثقلین.jpg|thumbnail|Hadith of Thaqalayn]] | [[File:حدیث ثقلین.jpg|thumbnail|Hadith of Thaqalayn]] | ||
{{Template:Imam 'Ali (a)-Vertical}} | {{Template:Imam 'Ali (a)-Vertical}} | ||
'''Hadith of thaqalayn''' (Arabic: | '''Hadith of thaqalayn''' (Arabic: {{ia|حَديث الثَّقَلَين}}, literally: hadith of the two weighty things) is a famous and [[mutawatir]] (frequent) [[hadith]] from [[the Prophet (s)]]: "I leave after myself the book of [[Allah]] ([[Qur'an]]) and my [['itra]] (family) between you, these two will never separate each other till the [[Day of Judgment]]." | ||
The hadith is accepted by all Muslims, both [[Sunni]] and [[Shi'a]], and has come in the hadith books of all of Islamic sects. | The hadith is accepted by all Muslims, both [[Sunni]] and [[Shi'a]], and has come in the hadith books of all of Islamic sects. | ||
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Hadith of thaqalayn is narrated a little differently in different sources, but the content is the same. | Hadith of thaqalayn is narrated a little differently in different sources, but the content is the same. | ||
''[[Al-Kafi]]'' which is one of [[ | ''[[Al-Kafi]]'' which is one of the [[Four Books]] of [[Shi'a]]: | ||
إِنِّی تَارِک فِیکمْ أَمْرَینِ إِنْ أَخَذْتُمْ بِهِمَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا- کتَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَهْلَ بَیتِی عِتْرَتِی أَیهَا النَّاسُ اسْمَعُوا وَ قَدْ بَلَّغْتُ إِنَّکمْ سَتَرِدُونَ عَلَی الْحَوْضَ فَأَسْأَلُکمْ عَمَّا فَعَلْتُمْ فِی الثَّقَلَینِ وَ الثَّقَلَانِ کتَابُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِکرُهُ وَ أَهْلُ بَیتِی<ref>Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol.1 p.294</ref> | {{ia|إِنِّی تَارِک فِیکمْ أَمْرَینِ إِنْ أَخَذْتُمْ بِهِمَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا- کتَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَهْلَ بَیتِی عِتْرَتِی أَیهَا النَّاسُ اسْمَعُوا وَ قَدْ بَلَّغْتُ إِنَّکمْ سَتَرِدُونَ عَلَی الْحَوْضَ فَأَسْأَلُکمْ عَمَّا فَعَلْتُمْ فِی الثَّقَلَینِ وَ الثَّقَلَانِ کتَابُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِکرُهُ وَ أَهْلُ بَیتِی}}<ref>Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol.1 p.294</ref> | ||
"Indeed I am leaving two things among you, to which if you hold yourself, you will never astray: the book of [[Allah]] –who is all mighty and great- and my [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt]] (household), my [['itra]] (family). O people hear! And I have announced to you that: indeed you will enter my presence and I will ask you about what you did to the thaqalayn (two weighty things) and the thaqalayn are the book of Allah and my ahl al-bayt." | "Indeed I am leaving two things among you, to which if you hold yourself, you will never astray: the book of [[Allah]] –who is all mighty and great- and my [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt]] (household), my [['itra]] (family). O people hear! And I have announced to you that: indeed you will enter my presence and I will ask you about what you did to the thaqalayn (two weighty things) and the thaqalayn are the book of Allah and my ahl al-bayt." | ||
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''[[Sunan al-Nasa'i]]'', one of the six sahih (authentic) books of Sunnis: | ''[[Sunan al-Nasa'i]]'', one of the six sahih (authentic) books of Sunnis: | ||
کأنی قد دعیت فاجبت، انی قد ترکت فیکم الثقلین احدهما اکبر من الآخر، کتاب الله و عترتی اهل بیتی، فانظروا کیف تخلفونی فیهما، فانهما لن یفترقا حتی یردا علی الحوض<ref>Nasa'i, ''al-Sunan al-kubra'', hadith:8148</ref> | {{ia|کأنی قد دعیت فاجبت، انی قد ترکت فیکم الثقلین احدهما اکبر من الآخر، کتاب الله و عترتی اهل بیتی، فانظروا کیف تخلفونی فیهما، فانهما لن یفترقا حتی یردا علی الحوض}}<ref>Nasa'i, ''al-Sunan al-kubra'', hadith:8148</ref> | ||
"Looks like I have been called, and I answered (my time of death has come), indeed I have | "Looks like I have been called, and I answered (my time of death has come), indeed I have left the thaqalayn (two weighty things) among you, one of them is greater form the other, the book of Allah and my 'itra (family), my ahl al-bayt (household). So look after how you will behave with them after me, indeed they will never separate each other until they enter my presence by the pool [in the paradise]." | ||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
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===Sunni Sources=== | ===Sunni Sources=== | ||
According to the book ''[[Hadith al-thaqalayn wa maqamat ahl al-bayt]]'',<ref>Mahuzi, Ahamd</ref> the hadith is narrated by 25 [[ | According to the book ''[[Hadith al-thaqalayn wa maqamat ahl al-bayt]]'',<ref>Mahuzi, Ahamd</ref> the hadith is narrated by 25 [[companions]] of [[the Prophet (s)]] in Sunni sources, some of which are: | ||
# [[Zayd b. Arqam]]: the hadith of thaqalayn is narrated with 6 chains of narration from him in the books: ''[[Sunan an-Nasa'i]]'',<ref>Nasa'i, ''al-Sunan al-kubra'', hadith:8148</ref> ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'',<ref>Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.5 p.186</ref> ''[[Sunan al-Tirmidhi]]'',<ref>Tirmithi, ''Sunan'', hadith:3876</ref> ''[[Mustadrak al-Hakim]]'',<ref>Niyshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak'', vol.3 p.110</ref> ''[[Musnad Ahmad]]''.<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.4 p.371</ref> | # [[Zayd b. Arqam]]: the hadith of thaqalayn is narrated with 6 chains of narration from him in the books: ''[[Sunan an-Nasa'i]]'',<ref>Nasa'i, ''al-Sunan al-kubra'', hadith:8148</ref> ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'',<ref>Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.5 p.186</ref> ''[[Sunan al-Tirmidhi]]'',<ref>Tirmithi, ''Sunan'', hadith:3876</ref> ''[[Mustadrak al-Hakim]]'',<ref>Niyshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak'', vol.3 p.110</ref> ''[[Musnad Ahmad]]''.<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.4 p.371</ref> | ||
# [[Zayd b. Thabit]]: in ''Musnad Ahmad''<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.5 p.183,189</ref> and ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir''.<ref>Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.5 p.166</ref> | # [[Zayd b. Thabit]]: in ''Musnad Ahmad''<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.5 p.183,189</ref> and ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir''.<ref>Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.5 p.166</ref> | ||
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===Shi'a Sources=== | ===Shi'a Sources=== | ||
According to ''[[Ghayat al-maram wa hujjat al-khisam]]'', in [[Shi'a]] sources 82 [[hadith]]s are narrated with the content of the hadith of thaqalayn, in many books such as: ''[[Al-Kafi|Usul al-kafi]]'', ''[[Kamal al-din]]'', ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Shaykh al-Saduq|al-Saduq]]), ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Mufid]]), ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Shaykh al-Tusi|al-Tusi]]), ''[['Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a) (Book)|'Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a)]]'', ''[[al-Ghayba]]'' ([[al-Nu'mani]]), ''[[Basa'ir al-darajat]]''.<ref>Bahrani, ''Ghayat al-maram'', vol.2 p.320-367</ref> | According to ''[[Ghayat al-maram wa hujjat al-khisam]]'', in [[Shi'a]] sources 82 [[hadith]]s are narrated with the content of the hadith of thaqalayn, in many books such as: ''[[Al-Kafi|Usul al-kafi]]'', ''[[Kamal al-din]]'', ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Shaykh al-Saduq|al-Saduq]]), ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Mufid]]), ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Shaykh al-Tusi|al-Tusi]]), ''[['Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a) (Book)|'Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a)]]'', ''[[Al-Ghayba (Nu'mani)|al-Ghayba]]'' ([[al-Nu'mani]]), ''[[Basa'ir al-darajat]]''.<ref>Bahrani, ''Ghayat al-maram'', vol.2 p.320-367</ref> | ||
===Monographs=== | ===Monographs=== | ||
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* The Prophet (a) says if you hold yourself to these two you will never astray. | * The Prophet (a) says if you hold yourself to these two you will never astray. | ||
Al-Zurqani al-Maliki, one of the Sunni scholars in his commentary on ''al-Mawahib'',<ref>Zurqani, ''Sharh al-mawahib'', vol.8 p.7</ref> narrates from [[al-'Allama al-Samhudi]]: it is realized from the hadith of thaqalayn that there is always a person from ahl al-bayt (a) who deserves to be followed, till [[ | Al-Zurqani al-Maliki, one of the Sunni scholars in his commentary on ''al-Mawahib'',<ref>Zurqani, ''Sharh al-mawahib'', vol.8 p.7</ref> narrates from [[al-'Allama al-Samhudi]]: it is realized from the hadith of thaqalayn that there is always a person from ahl al-bayt (a) who deserves to be followed, till the [[Day of Judgment]]; so he is meant by the persuasion in the hadith, as the book (Qur'an) is like this [which is and will be always available].<ref>Amini, ''Al-Ghadir'', vol.3 p.118</ref> | ||
===Scientific Authority of Ahl al-Bayt (a)=== | ===Scientific Authority of Ahl al-Bayt (a)=== | ||
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[[Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din]] in his discussion with Shaykh Sulaym al-Bushri –the discussion is quoted in ''[[al-Muraji'at]]''- proved the scientific authority of ahl al-bayt (a) and the necessity of their obedience.<ref>Sharaf al-Din, ''Al-Muraji'at'', p.71-76</ref> | [[Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din]] in his discussion with Shaykh Sulaym al-Bushri –the discussion is quoted in ''[[al-Muraji'at]]''- proved the scientific authority of ahl al-bayt (a) and the necessity of their obedience.<ref>Sharaf al-Din, ''Al-Muraji'at'', p.71-76</ref> | ||
===Hadith of Thaqalayn and | ===Hadith of Thaqalayn and Proximity of Islamic Sects=== | ||
As mentioned above, the hadith of thaqalayn is accepted by both [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] scholars. There have been many discussions about the hadith which resulted in the approach of Islamic sects; including the discussion of Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din with al-Shyakh Sulaym al-Bushri, one of the Sunni scholars; the discussion formed the book ''[[al-Muraji'at]]''.<ref>Wa'iz zadi, ''Hadith al-Thaqalayn'', p.39-40</ref> | As mentioned above, the hadith of thaqalayn is accepted by both [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] scholars. There have been many discussions about the hadith which resulted in the approach of Islamic sects; including the discussion of Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din with al-Shyakh Sulaym al-Bushri, one of the Sunni scholars; the discussion formed the book ''[[al-Muraji'at]]''.<ref>Wa'iz zadi, ''Hadith al-Thaqalayn'', p.39-40</ref> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
{{Template:The excellences of Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | {{Template:The excellences of Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | ||
{{Imamate}} | {{Imamate}} | ||