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Hadith al-Thaqalayn: Difference between revisions
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'''Hadith | '''Hadith al-thaqalayn''' (Arabic: {{ia|حَديث الثَّقَلَين}}, literally: hadith of the two weighty things) is a famous and [[mutawatir]] (frequent) [[hadith]] from [[the Prophet (s)]]: "I leave after myself the book of [[Allah]] ([[Qur'an]]) and my [['itra]] (family) between you, these two will never separate each other till the [[Day of Judgment]]." | ||
The hadith is accepted by all Muslims, both [[Sunni]] and [[Shi'a]], and has come in the hadith books of all of Islamic sects. | The hadith is accepted by all Muslims, both [[Sunni]] and [[Shi'a]], and has come in the hadith books of all of Islamic sects. | ||
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''[[Al-Kafi]]'' which is one of the [[Four Books]] of [[Shi'a]]: | ''[[Al-Kafi]]'' which is one of the [[Four Books]] of [[Shi'a]]: | ||
{{ia|إِنِّی تَارِک فِیکمْ أَمْرَینِ إِنْ أَخَذْتُمْ بِهِمَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا- کتَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَهْلَ بَیتِی عِتْرَتِی أَیهَا النَّاسُ اسْمَعُوا وَ قَدْ بَلَّغْتُ إِنَّکمْ سَتَرِدُونَ عَلَی الْحَوْضَ فَأَسْأَلُکمْ عَمَّا فَعَلْتُمْ فِی الثَّقَلَینِ وَ الثَّقَلَانِ کتَابُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِکرُهُ وَ أَهْلُ بَیتِی}}<ref>Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol.1 p.294</ref> | <center>{{ia|إِنِّی تَارِک فِیکمْ أَمْرَینِ إِنْ أَخَذْتُمْ بِهِمَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا- کتَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَهْلَ بَیتِی عِتْرَتِی أَیهَا النَّاسُ اسْمَعُوا وَ قَدْ بَلَّغْتُ إِنَّکمْ سَتَرِدُونَ عَلَی الْحَوْضَ فَأَسْأَلُکمْ عَمَّا فَعَلْتُمْ فِی الثَّقَلَینِ وَ الثَّقَلَانِ کتَابُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِکرُهُ وَ أَهْلُ بَیتِی}}<ref>Al-Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol.1 p.294</ref></center> | ||
"Indeed I am leaving two things among you, to which if you hold yourself, you will never astray: the book of [[Allah]] –who is all mighty and great- and my [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt]] (household), my [['itra]] (family). O people hear! And I have announced to you that: indeed you will enter my presence and I will ask you about what you did to the thaqalayn (two weighty things) and the thaqalayn are the book of Allah and my ahl al-bayt." | "Indeed I am leaving two things among you, to which if you hold yourself, you will never astray: the book of [[Allah]] –who is all mighty and great- and my [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt]] (household), my [['itra]] (family). O people hear! And I have announced to you that: indeed you will enter my presence and I will ask you about what you did to the thaqalayn (two weighty things) and the thaqalayn are the book of Allah and my ahl al-bayt." | ||
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''[[Sunan al-Nasa'i]]'', one of the six sahih (authentic) books of Sunnis: | ''[[Sunan al-Nasa'i]]'', one of the six sahih (authentic) books of Sunnis: | ||
{{ia|کأنی قد دعیت فاجبت، انی قد ترکت فیکم الثقلین احدهما اکبر من الآخر، کتاب الله و عترتی اهل بیتی، فانظروا کیف تخلفونی فیهما، فانهما لن یفترقا حتی یردا علی الحوض}}<ref>Nasa'i, ''al-Sunan al-kubra'', hadith:8148</ref> | <center>{{ia|کأنی قد دعیت فاجبت، انی قد ترکت فیکم الثقلین احدهما اکبر من الآخر، کتاب الله و عترتی اهل بیتی، فانظروا کیف تخلفونی فیهما، فانهما لن یفترقا حتی یردا علی الحوض}}<ref>Al-Nasa'i, ''al-Sunan al-kubra'', hadith:8148</ref></center> | ||
"Looks like I have been called, and I answered (my time of death has come), indeed I have left the thaqalayn (two weighty things) among you, one of them is greater form the other, the book of Allah and my 'itra (family), my ahl al-bayt (household). So look after how you will behave with them after me, indeed they will never separate each other until they enter my presence by the pool [in the paradise]." | "Looks like I have been called, and I answered (my time of death has come), indeed I have left the thaqalayn (two weighty things) among you, one of them is greater form the other, the book of Allah and my 'itra (family), my ahl al-bayt (household). So look after how you will behave with them after me, indeed they will never separate each other until they enter my presence by the pool [in the paradise]." | ||
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===Sunni Sources=== | ===Sunni Sources=== | ||
According to the book ''[[Hadith al-thaqalayn wa maqamat ahl al-bayt]]'',<ref>Mahuzi, Ahamd</ref> the hadith is narrated by 25 [[companions]] of [[the Prophet (s)]] in Sunni sources, some of which are: | According to the book ''[[Hadith al-thaqalayn wa maqamat ahl al-bayt]]'',<ref>Al-Mahuzi, Ahamd</ref> the hadith is narrated by 25 [[companions]] of [[the Prophet (s)]] in Sunni sources, some of which are: | ||
# [[Zayd b. Arqam]]: the hadith of thaqalayn is narrated with 6 chains of narration from him in the books: ''[[Sunan an-Nasa'i]]'',<ref>Nasa'i, ''al-Sunan al-kubra'', hadith:8148</ref> ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'',<ref>Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.5 p.186</ref> ''[[Sunan al-Tirmidhi]]'',<ref> | # [[Zayd b. Arqam]]: the hadith of thaqalayn is narrated with 6 chains of narration from him in the books: ''[[Sunan an-Nasa'i]]'',<ref>Al-Nasa'i, ''al-Sunan al-kubra'', hadith:8148</ref> ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'',<ref>Al-Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.5 p.186</ref> ''[[Sunan al-Tirmidhi]]'',<ref>Al-Tirmidhi, ''Sunan'', hadith:3876</ref> ''[[Mustadrak al-Hakim]]'',<ref>Niyshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak'', vol.3 p.110</ref> ''[[Musnad Ahmad]]''.<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.4 p.371</ref> | ||
# [[Zayd b. Thabit]]: in ''Musnad Ahmad''<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.5 p.183,189</ref> and ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir''.<ref>Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.5 p.166</ref> | # [[Zayd b. Thabit]]: in ''Musnad Ahmad''<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.5 p.183,189</ref> and ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir''.<ref>Al-Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.5 p.166</ref> | ||
#[[Jabir b. 'Abd Allah]]: in ''Sunan al-Tarmadhi'',<ref> | #[[Jabir b. 'Abd Allah]]: in ''Sunan al-Tarmadhi'',<ref>Al-Tirmidhi, ''Sahih'', vol.5 p.328</ref> ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'',<ref>Al-Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.3 p.66</ref> and ''al-Mu'jam al-awsat''.<ref>Al-Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-awsat'', vol.5 p.89</ref> | ||
#[[Hudhayfa b. Usayd]]: in ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir''<ref>Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.3 p.180</ref> | #[[Hudhayfa b. Usayd]]: in ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir''<ref>Al-Tabarani, ''al-Mu'jam al-kabir'', vol.3 p.180</ref> | ||
#[[Abu Sa'id al-Khudri]]: in ''Musnad Ahmad''<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.3 p.13,17,26,59</ref> and ''Du'afa' al-kabir''.<ref>'Aqili, ''Du'afa' al-kabir'', vol.4 p.362</ref> | #[[Abu Sa'id al-Khudri]]: in ''Musnad Ahmad''<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.3 p.13,17,26,59</ref> and ''Du'afa' al-kabir''.<ref>'Aqili, ''Du'afa' al-kabir'', vol.4 p.362</ref> | ||
#[[Imam 'Ali (a)]]: with 2 chains of narrators in ''al-Bahr al-zikhar''<ref>Bazzaz, ''al-Bahr'', p.88</ref> and ''Kanz al-'Ummal''.<ref>Muttaqi al-Hindi, ''Kanz al-'Ummal'', vol.14 p.77</ref> | #[[Imam 'Ali (a)]]: with 2 chains of narrators in ''al-Bahr al-zikhar''<ref>Bazzaz, ''al-Bahr'', p.88</ref> and ''Kanz al-'Ummal''.<ref>Al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, ''Kanz al-'Ummal'', vol.14 p.77</ref> | ||
#[[Abu Dhar al-Ghifari]]: in ''al-Mu'talaf wa al-Mukhtalaf''.<ref>Darqutni, ''al-Mu'talaf'', vol.2 p. 1046</ref> | #[[Abu Dhar al-Ghifari]]: in ''al-Mu'talaf wa al-Mukhtalaf''.<ref>Darqutni, ''al-Mu'talaf'', vol.2 p. 1046</ref> | ||
#[[Abu Hurayra]]: in ''Kashf al-astar 'an zawa'id al-bazar''<ref>Haythami, ''Kashf al-astar'', vol.3 p.223</ref> | #[[Abu Hurayra]]: in ''Kashf al-astar 'an zawa'id al-bazar''<ref>Al-Haythami, ''Kashf al-astar'', vol.3 p.223</ref> | ||
#'Abd Allah b. Hantab: in ''Usd al-ghaba''<ref>Ibn Athir, ''Usd al-ghaba'', vol.3 p.219</ref> | #'Abd Allah b. Hantab: in ''Usd al-ghaba''<ref>Ibn Athir, ''Usd al-ghaba'', vol.3 p.219</ref> | ||
#[[Jubayr b. Mut'im]]: in ''Zilal al-Janna''<ref>Albani, ''Zilal al-Janna'', hadith:1465</ref> | #[[Jubayr b. Mut'im]]: in ''Zilal al-Janna''<ref>Albani, ''Zilal al-Janna'', hadith:1465</ref> | ||
[[Al-Bahrani]], the author of ''[[Ghayat al-maram wa hujjat al-khisam]]'', narrated the [[hadith]] from 39 chains of narrations from Sunni authors. According to the book, the hadith is narrated in ''Musnad Ahmad'', ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'', ''Manaqib Ibn al-Maghazili'', ''Sunan Tarmadhi'', ''al-'Umda Tha'labi'', ''Musnad Abi Ya'li'', ''al-Mu'jam al-awsat'', ''al-'Umda Ibn al-Bitriq'', ''[[Yanabi' al-mawadda]]'', ''al-Tara'if'', ''Fara'id al-simatayn'', and ''the commentary on [[Nahj al-balagha]]'' for [[Ibn Abi al-Hadid]].<ref>Bahrani, ''Ghayat al-maram'', vol.2 p.304-320</ref> | [[Al-Bahrani]], the author of ''[[Ghayat al-maram wa hujjat al-khisam]]'', narrated the [[hadith]] from 39 chains of narrations from Sunni authors. According to the book, the hadith is narrated in ''Musnad Ahmad'', ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'', ''Manaqib Ibn al-Maghazili'', ''Sunan Tarmadhi'', ''al-'Umda Tha'labi'', ''Musnad Abi Ya'li'', ''al-Mu'jam al-awsat'', ''al-'Umda Ibn al-Bitriq'', ''[[Yanabi' al-mawadda]]'', ''al-Tara'if'', ''Fara'id al-simatayn'', and ''the commentary on [[Nahj al-balagha]]'' for [[Ibn Abi al-Hadid]].<ref>Al-Bahrani, ''Ghayat al-maram'', vol.2 p.304-320</ref> | ||
===Shi'a Sources=== | ===Shi'a Sources=== | ||
According to ''[[Ghayat al-maram wa hujjat al-khisam]]'', in [[Shi'a]] sources 82 [[hadith]]s are narrated with the content of the hadith of thaqalayn, in many books such as: ''[[Al-Kafi|Usul al-kafi]]'', ''[[Kamal al-din]]'', ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Shaykh al-Saduq|al-Saduq]]), ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Mufid]]), ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Shaykh al-Tusi|al-Tusi]]), ''[['Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a) (Book)|'Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a)]]'', ''[[Al-Ghayba (Nu'mani)|al-Ghayba]]'' ([[al-Nu'mani]]), ''[[Basa'ir al-darajat]]''.<ref>Bahrani, ''Ghayat al-maram'', vol.2 p.320-367</ref> | According to ''[[Ghayat al-maram wa hujjat al-khisam]]'', in [[Shi'a]] sources 82 [[hadith]]s are narrated with the content of the hadith of thaqalayn, in many books such as: ''[[Al-Kafi|Usul al-kafi]]'', ''[[Kamal al-din]]'', ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Shaykh al-Saduq|al-Saduq]]), ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Mufid]]), ''[[al-Amali]]'' ([[al-Shaykh al-Tusi|al-Tusi]]), ''[['Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a) (Book)|'Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a)]]'', ''[[Al-Ghayba (Nu'mani)|al-Ghayba]]'' ([[al-Nu'mani]]), ''[[Basa'ir al-darajat]]''.<ref>Al-Bahrani, ''Ghayat al-maram'', vol.2 p.320-367</ref> | ||
===Monographs=== | ===Monographs=== | ||
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==Place and Time== | ==Place and Time== | ||
There's disagreement about when and where the hadith is stated; for example Ibn Hajar al-Haythami says: "[[the Prophet (s)]], stated the hadith of thaqalayn, after the conquest of [[Mecca]], on his way back to [[Medina]], in [[Ta'if]]";<ref>Haythami, ''al-Sawa'iq'', p.150</ref> but others mentioned other times and places. | There's disagreement about when and where the hadith is stated; for example Ibn Hajar al-Haythami says: "[[the Prophet (s)]], stated the hadith of thaqalayn, after the conquest of [[Mecca]], on his way back to [[Medina]], in [[Ta'if]]";<ref>Al-Haythami, ''al-Sawa'iq'', p.150</ref> but others mentioned other times and places. | ||
Studying this different hadiths, it's apparent that although some of them could be considered as different reports about a single occurrence, but not for many others; so it is clear that the Prophet (a) has mentioned the importance of thaqalayn ([[Qur'an]] and [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt (a)]]) in different times and places, especially in his last days of life.<ref>Mufid, ''al-Irshad'', vol.1 p.180; Haythami, ''al-Sawa'iq'', p.150; Sharaf al-Din, ''al-Muraji'at'', p.74</ref> | Studying this different hadiths, it's apparent that although some of them could be considered as different reports about a single occurrence, but not for many others; so it is clear that the Prophet (a) has mentioned the importance of thaqalayn ([[Qur'an]] and [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt (a)]]) in different times and places, especially in his last days of life.<ref>Al-Mufid, ''al-Irshad'', vol.1 p.180; Haythami, ''al-Sawa'iq'', p.150; Sharaf al-Din, ''al-Muraji'at'', p.74</ref> | ||
The following are some of the places and times mentioned in the hadiths: | The following are some of the places and times mentioned in the hadiths: | ||
* In [[Hajjat al-wida']],<ref>Tabrisi, ''al-Ihtijaj'', vol.1 p.391</ref> on a camel, in the [['Arafa]] day.<ref> | * In [[Hajjat al-wida']],<ref>Al-Tabrisi, ''al-Ihtijaj'', vol.1 p.391</ref> on a camel, in the [['Arafa]] day.<ref>Al-Tirmidhi, ''Sunan'', vol.5 p.662</ref> | ||
* Near the [[Ghadir Khumm]],<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.4 p.371; Muslim, ''Sahih'', vol.2 p.1873</ref> and the [[Ghadir Sermon|hadith of Ghadir]] is stated after it.<ref>Saduq, ''Kamal al-din'', vol.1 p.234,238; Niyshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak'', vol.3 p.109; Samhudi, ''Jawahir'', p.236</ref> | * Near the [[Ghadir Khumm]],<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.4 p.371; Muslim, ''Sahih'', vol.2 p.1873</ref> and the [[Ghadir Sermon|hadith of Ghadir]] is stated after it.<ref>Al-Saduq, ''Kamal al-din'', vol.1 p.234,238; Niyshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak'', vol.3 p.109; Samhudi, ''Jawahir'', p.236</ref> | ||
* In a sermon in a Friday, along with the hadith of Ghadir.<ref>'Ayyashi, ''al-Tafsir'', vol.1 p.4</ref> | * In a sermon in a Friday, along with the hadith of Ghadir.<ref>Al-'Ayyashi, ''al-Tafsir'', vol.1 p.4</ref> | ||
* In a [[congregational prayer]] in [[Khayf mosque]], in the last day of the [[tashriq days]].<ref>Saffar al-Qummi, ''Basa'ir al-darajat'', p.412-414</ref> | * In a [[congregational prayer]] in [[Khayf mosque]], in the last day of the [[tashriq days]].<ref>Saffar al-Qummi, ''Basa'ir al-darajat'', p.412-414</ref> | ||
* Over a [[pulpit]]<ref>Saduq, ''Amali'', p.62; Juwayni, ''Fara'id al-samtayn'', vol.2 p.268</ref> | * Over a [[pulpit]]<ref>Al-Saduq, ''Amali'', p.62; Juwayni, ''Fara'id al-samtayn'', vol.2 p.268</ref> | ||
* In his last sermon.<ref>'Ayyashi, ''al-Tafsir'', vol.1 p.5; Tabrisi, ''al-Ihtijaj'', vol.1 p.216</ref> | * In his last sermon.<ref>Al-'Ayyashi, ''al-Tafsir'', vol.1 p.5; Tabrisi, ''al-Ihtijaj'', vol.1 p.216</ref> | ||
* In a sermon after his last congregational prayer.<ref>Daylami, ''Irshad al-qulub'', vol.2 p.340</ref> | * In a sermon after his last congregational prayer.<ref>Al-Daylami, ''Irshad al-qulub'', vol.2 p.340</ref> | ||
* In bed, when he was ill and some of the companions were around him.<ref>Haythami, ''al-Sawa'iq'', p.150</ref> | * In bed, when he was ill and some of the companions were around him.<ref>Al-Haythami, ''al-Sawa'iq'', p.150</ref> | ||
==Sunna or 'Itra?== | ==Sunna or 'Itra?== | ||
In some of the sources of [[Sunni]]s, instead of the word "[['itra]]" (family) the word "sunna" (tradition) has come.<ref>Muttaqi al-Hindi, ''Kanz al-'Ummal'', vol.1 p.187</ref> These narrations are rare and even Sunni scholars did not considered them; because the [[hadith]] with the word "sunna" did not come in the original reliable sources. | In some of the sources of [[Sunni]]s, instead of the word "[['itra]]" (family) the word "sunna" (tradition) has come.<ref>Al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, ''Kanz al-'Ummal'', vol.1 p.187</ref> These narrations are rare and even Sunni scholars did not considered them; because the [[hadith]] with the word "sunna" did not come in the original reliable sources. | ||
'''Who are 'Itra?''' | '''Who are 'Itra?''' | ||
In most of the narrations the phrase "[[ahl al-bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt]]" has come as a description for the word "'itra", but in some narrations only "'itra",<ref>Saduq, '' 'Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a)'', vol.2 p.62; Niyshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak'', vol.3 p.109</ref> and in some other only "ahl al-bayt" has come,<ref>Juwayni, ''Fara'id al- | In most of the narrations the phrase "[[ahl al-bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt]]" has come as a description for the word "'itra", but in some narrations only "'itra",<ref>Al-Saduq, '' 'Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a)'', vol.2 p.62; Niyshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak'', vol.3 p.109</ref> and in some other only "ahl al-bayt" has come,<ref>Al-Juwayni, ''Fara'id al-simtayn'', vol.2 p.268; Majlisi, ''Bihar'', vol.23 p.131</ref> and in some cases the order about the obedience of ahl al-bayt is repeated.<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad'', vol.4 p.367; Muslim, ''Sahih'', vol.2 p.1873; Juwayni, ''Fara'id al-samtayn'', vol.2 p.250,268</ref> | ||
In some of Shi'a sources, [[twelve Imams (a)]] are mentioned as the explanation of "ahl al-bayt".<ref>Saduq, ''Kamal al-din'', vol.1 p.278; Majlisi, ''Bihar'', vol.36 p.317</ref> | In some of Shi'a sources, [[twelve Imams (a)]] are mentioned as the explanation of "ahl al-bayt".<ref>Al-Saduq, ''Kamal al-din'', vol.1 p.278; Majlisi, ''Bihar'', vol.36 p.317</ref> | ||
==Importance == | ==Importance == | ||
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Some of the beliefs of Shi'a could be proved using hadith of thaqalayn: | Some of the beliefs of Shi'a could be proved using hadith of thaqalayn: | ||
===Necessity of the | ===Necessity of the Obedience of Ahl al-Bayt (a)=== | ||
In the hadith of thaqalayn, [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt (a)]] are put next to [[Qur'an]], and this is stated that they will not separate each other; therefore, as the obedience of Qur'an is necessary for Muslims, so is the obedience of ahl al-bayt (a). | In the hadith of thaqalayn, [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|ahl al-bayt (a)]] are put next to [[Qur'an]], and this is stated that they will not separate each other; therefore, as the obedience of Qur'an is necessary for Muslims, so is the obedience of ahl al-bayt (a). | ||
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In addition to Shi'a scholars some Sunni scholars have also accepted the indication of the hadith to the infallibility of ahl al-bayt (a).<ref>Manawi, ''Fayd al-ghadir'', vol.3 p.1819; Zurqani, ''Sharh al-mawahib'', vol.8 p.2</ref> | In addition to Shi'a scholars some Sunni scholars have also accepted the indication of the hadith to the infallibility of ahl al-bayt (a).<ref>Manawi, ''Fayd al-ghadir'', vol.3 p.1819; Zurqani, ''Sharh al-mawahib'', vol.8 p.2</ref> | ||
===Necessity of the | ===Necessity of the Continuation of Imamate=== | ||
* The companionship of ahl al-bayt (a) with Qur'an shows that as Qur'an is the source of guidance in [[Islam]], so there always must be someone from ahl al-bayt (a) to whom people refer in religious issues. | * The companionship of ahl al-bayt (a) with Qur'an shows that as Qur'an is the source of guidance in [[Islam]], so there always must be someone from ahl al-bayt (a) to whom people refer in religious issues. | ||
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[[Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din]] in his discussion with Shaykh Sulaym al-Bushri –the discussion is quoted in ''[[al-Muraji'at]]''- proved the scientific authority of ahl al-bayt (a) and the necessity of their obedience.<ref>Sharaf al-Din, ''Al-Muraji'at'', p.71-76</ref> | [[Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din]] in his discussion with Shaykh Sulaym al-Bushri –the discussion is quoted in ''[[al-Muraji'at]]''- proved the scientific authority of ahl al-bayt (a) and the necessity of their obedience.<ref>Sharaf al-Din, ''Al-Muraji'at'', p.71-76</ref> | ||
===Hadith | ===Hadith al-Thaqalayn and Proximity of Islamic Sects=== | ||
As mentioned above, the hadith of thaqalayn is accepted by both [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] scholars. There have been many discussions about the hadith which resulted in the approach of Islamic sects; including the discussion of Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din with al-Shyakh Sulaym al-Bushri, one of the Sunni scholars; the discussion formed the book ''[[al-Muraji'at]]''.<ref>Wa'iz zadi, ''Hadith al-Thaqalayn'', p.39-40</ref> | As mentioned above, the hadith of thaqalayn is accepted by both [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] scholars. There have been many discussions about the hadith which resulted in the approach of Islamic sects; including the discussion of Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din with al-Shyakh Sulaym al-Bushri, one of the Sunni scholars; the discussion formed the book ''[[al-Muraji'at]]''.<ref>Wa'iz zadi, ''Hadith al-Thaqalayn'', p.39-40</ref> | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
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* Kulayni, Muhammad b. Ya'qub al-, ''Al-Kafi''. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya | * Kulayni, Muhammad b. Ya'qub al-, ''Al-Kafi''. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya | ||
* Nasa'i, Ahamd b. 'Ali al-, ''Sunan al-kubra''. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, 1411 | * Nasa'i, Ahamd b. 'Ali al-, ''Sunan al-kubra''. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, 1411 | ||
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* Zurqani, Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Baqi, ''Sharh al-mawahib al-ladunniyya''. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya | * Zurqani, Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Baqi, ''Sharh al-mawahib al-ladunniyya''. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya | ||
* Amini, 'Abd l-Husayn, ''Al-Ghadir''. Qom: Markaz al-Ghadir li al-Dirasat al-Islamiyya, 1421 | * Amini, 'Abd l-Husayn, ''Al-Ghadir''. Qom: Markaz al-Ghadir li al-Dirasat al-Islamiyya, 1421 | ||
* Wa'iz | * Wa'iz zada Khurasani, Muhammad, ''Hadith al-Thaqalayn''. Tehran: 1416 | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
{{ | {{The excellences of Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | ||
{{Imamate}} | {{Imamate}} | ||