Draft:Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha
Al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī al-Washshāʾ (Arabic: الحسن بن علي الوشاء) was a companion of Imam al-Kazim (a), Imam al-Rida (a), and Imam al-Hadi (a). He is introduced as Thiqa (reliable) in Rijal sources. He was a narrator of the 2nd/8th and 3rd/9th centuries, and his narrations cover various topics such as Fiqh, Ethics, and Exegesis. More than 580 of his narrations are recorded in the Four Books alone. Several works are attributed to him, including Thawāb al-ḥajj, Al-Manāsik, and Masāʾil al-Riḍā (a).
He narrated hadith from Imam al-Kazim (a) and Imam al-Rida (a), as well as narrators such as Aban b. Uthman, Jamil b. Darraj, and Safwan b. Yahya. Narrators such as Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Isa, Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Khālid, Sahl b. Ziyad, and Ya'qub b. Yazid narrated from him.
Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha inclined towards Waqifiyya for a short period after the martyrdom of Imam al-Kazim (a), but after witnessing the miracles of Imam al-Rida (a), he believed in his Imamate. According to Al-Allama al-Majlisi, this temporary inclination does not harm his reliability.
Biography
Al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī b. Ziyād, titled al-Washshāʾ, al-Bajalī, al-Khazzāz, and al-Ṣayrafī,[1] had the Kunya Abū Muḥammad. He was from Kufa[2] and, according to one account, from Baghdad.[3] One of his most famous titles is "Ibn Bint Ilyās" (Son of Ilyās's daughter).[4]
In Shi'a sources, his narrations are cited in topics such as Exegesis,[5] Fiqh,[6] Ethics,[7] beliefs,[8] and history.[9] His narrations in the Four Books exceed 580 instances.[10]
According to al-Khūʾī in Mu'jam rijal al-hadith, the name of Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha appears in narration sources with titles such as "Al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī al-Washshāʾ", "Al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī al-Khazzāz", and "Al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī Ibn Bint Ilyās".[11] Al-Najāshī, a Shi'a hadith scholar, also considered him to have multiple works and mentioned his books Thawāb al-ḥajj, Al-Manāsik, Al-Nawādir, and Masāʾil al-Riḍā (a).[12]
Ilyās b. ʿAmr al-Bajalī, the maternal grandfather of Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha, and his three sons (who were Al-Washsha's maternal uncles), were hadith scholars and narrators of Imam al-Sadiq (a).[13]
Al-Hasan b. Ali b. al-Washsha was born in the mid-2nd/8th century[14] and was alive until 220/835.[15] His death is reported to be in the first half of the 3rd/9th century.[16]
Status as a Narrator
In Rijal sources, Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha is counted among the companions of Imam al-Kazim (a),[17] Imam al-Rida (a), and Imam al-Hadi (a).[18]
According to al-Khūʾī, a Shi'a hadith scholar, Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha's narration from Imam al-Sadiq (a)[19] is considered Mursal (hurried/broken chain), because he uses the word "ghulām" (lad/servant) in Al-Shaykh al-Saduq's narration, and thus could not have met Imam al-Sadiq (a) directly (as an adult narrator).[20]
Reliability
In Rijal and jurisprudential sources, Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha is recognized as a Thiqa (reliable) person.[21] Al-Najāshī, a Shi'a Rijal scholar, named him among the great figures of the Shi'a from whom Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Isa requested permission (ijāza) to transmit hadith books.[22] Allama al-Hilli, a hadith scholar, considered him one of the best companions of Imam al-Rida (a).[23]
According to Abu l-Hasan Rabbani, a researcher of Rijal, Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha was perplexed in choosing the Imam after the martyrdom of Imam al-Kazim (a) and inclined towards Waqifiyya for a while.[24] Upon witnessing some of the miracles of Imam al-Rida (a), he abandoned this belief, turned to the Imamate of Imam al-Rida (a), and became one of his special companions.[25] Al-Allama al-Majlisi, a Shi'a hadith scholar, believes that Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha's being a Waqifi for a short period does not damage his reliability (wathāqa) and greatness.[26]
Masters and Students
According to al-Najashi, the hadith scholar, Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha met 900 narrators who narrated hadith from Imam al-Sadiq (a).[27] According to al-Khūʾī in Mu'jam rijal al-hadith, in addition to narrating hadith from Imam al-Kazim (a) and Imam al-Rida (a),[28] he also narrated from other masters and narrators, some of whom are:
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Some of the students and narrators who narrated from Al-Hasan b. Ali al-Washsha in the book Mu'jam rijal al-hadith are:
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Notes
- ↑ Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, p. 39.
- ↑ Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, p. 39.
- ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 2, p. 229.
- ↑ Rabbānī Sabziwārī, "Pazhwāk-i īmān", p. 147.
- ↑ See: ʿAyyāshī, Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī, vol. 2, p. 14.
- ↑ See: Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-aḥkām, vol. 3, p. 250.
- ↑ Kulaynī, Al-Kāfī, vol. 2, p. 200.
- ↑ See: Ṣaffār, Baṣāʾir al-darajāt, vol. 1, p. 425.
- ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 2, p. 217.
- ↑ Subḥānī, Mawsūʿat ṭabaqāt al-fuqahāʾ, vol. 3, p. 191.
- ↑ Khūʾī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 5, p. 37.
- ↑ Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, p. 40.
- ↑ Rabbānī Sabziwārī, "Pazhwāk-i īmān", p. 147.
- ↑ Rabbānī Sabziwārī, "Pazhwāk-i īmān", p. 146.
- ↑ Subḥānī, Mawsūʿat ṭabaqāt al-fuqahāʾ, vol. 3, p. 190.
- ↑ Rabbānī Sabziwārī, "Pazhwāk-i īmān", p. 151.
- ↑ Barqī, Rijāl al-Barqī, p. 51.
- ↑ Ṭūsī, Rijāl al-Ṭūsī, pp. 354, 385.
- ↑ Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-aḥkām, vol. 2, p. 209.
- ↑ Khūʾī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 5, p. 73.
- ↑ Majlisī, Al-Wajīza fī al-rijāl, p. 57; Ḥāʾirī Yazdī, Sharḥ al-ʿUrwat al-wuthqā, vol. 1, p. 452.
- ↑ Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, p. 39.
- ↑ Ḥillī, Rijāl al-ʿAllāma al-Ḥillī, p. 41.
- ↑ Rabbānī Sabziwārī, "Pazhwāk-i īmān", p. 148.
- ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 2, p. 229.
- ↑ Majlisī, Mirʾāt al-ʿuqūl, vol. 4, p. 102.
- ↑ Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, p. 40.
- ↑ Khūʾī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 5, p. 72.
- ↑ Khūʾī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 5, p. 72.
- ↑ Khūʾī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 5, p. 72.
References
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- Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. Rijāl al-ʿAllāma al-Ḥillī. Edited by Muḥammad Ṣādiq Baḥr al-ʿUlūm. Najaf, Dār al-Dhakhāʾir, 1411 AH.
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