Draft:'Atika bt. 'Abd al-Muttalib
Template:Otheruses Template:Infobox Sahaba ʿĀtika bt. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib (Arabic: عاتِکة بنت عبدالمُطَّلِب) was a woman of Banu Hashim and a paternal aunt of Prophet Muhammad (s). She married Abu Umayya al-Makhzumi, a companion of the Prophet (s) and the father of Umm Salama.
Lineage
Her father was 'Abd al-Muttalib b. Hashim and her mother was Safiyya bt. Jundab. Ibn Sa'd considered her mother to be Fatima bt. 'Amr b. 'A'idh al-Makhzumi.[1] She was an aunt of the Prophet (s) and married Abu Umayya al-Makhzumi, a companion of the Prophet (s). She bore him 'Abd Allah, Zuhayr, and Qurayba.[2] 'Abd Allah was martyred in the Battle of Hunayn while fighting alongside the Prophet (s).[3] Some scholars count Zuhayr among the Mu'allafat al-qulub.[4]
Some sources have mentioned her as the mother of Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet (s);[5] however, most historians identify the mother of Umm Salama as 'Atika bt. 'Amir b. Rabi'a al-Kinani.[6] No information has been found regarding the date of 'Atika's demise however it has been confirmed that she was alive during the Battle of Badr in 2 AH/624.[7]
Template:Tree of Abd al-Muttalib
Islam
Ibn Abd al-Barr and Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani have mentioned her name in Al-Isti'ab and Al-Isaba.[8] It is also said that Abu Ja'far al-'Uqayli counted her among the Sahaba. However, there is a disagreement regarding her conversion to Islam. Most historians have denied her conversion to Islam[9] stating that among the aunts of the Prophet (s) no one converted to Islam except Safiyya and, according to one report, Arwa.[10]
Conversely, Ibn Sa'd stated in Al-Tabaqat that 'Atika converted to Islam in Mecca and then migrated to Medina.[11] Some scholars rely on a poem attributed to her in praise of the Prophet (s) and his Prophethood to prove her Islam.[12]
'Atika and the Battle of Badr
Before the Battle of Badr, 'Atika had a dream in which a rider entered Mecca and shouted, "O people of treachery! Rush to the place where you will be killed in three days!" The rider then went up Mount Abu Qubays and rolled a rock down towards Mecca. The rock shattered, and a piece of it landed in every house in Mecca, except for the houses of Banu Hashim and Banu Zuhra. Abu Jahl denied her dream and said, "I give the children of Abd al-Muttalib three days; if nothing happens, I will declare them the most lying clan of the Arabs."[13]
Poetry
Some have referred to 'Atika as a poetess attributing a poem in praise of the Prophet (s) to her.[14] She composed an elegy for her father, Abd al-Muttalib, in the moments receding his demise:
Umm Kulthum bt. 'Uqba b. Abi Mu'ayt has narrated Hadith from her[15] and it is said that she is buried in al-Baqi' next to Safiyya bt. Abd al-Muttalib, although some researchers have expressed doubt regarding the authenticity of this claim.[16]
Notes
- ↑ Ibn Saʿd, Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 36.
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 1, p. 39, vol. 6, p. 185; Ibn Saʿd, Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 36; Ibn Ḥabīb, Al-Muḥabbar, p. 274.
- ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Al-Istīʿāb, vol. 3, p. 869.
- ↑ Maḥallātī, Rayāḥīn al-sharīʿa, vol. 4, p. 375.
- ↑ Maḥallātī, Rayāḥīn al-sharīʿa, vol. 4, p. 375.
- ↑ Dakhīl, Aʿlām al-nisāʾ, p. 180.
- ↑ Ibn Saʿd, Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 36.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Al-Iṣāba, vol. 8, p. 229.
- ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Al-Istīʿāb, vol. 4, p. 1881.
- ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Al-Istīʿāb, vol. 4, pp. 1778-1779; Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, p. 185.
- ↑ Ibn Saʿd, Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 36.
- ↑ Kaḥḥāla, Aʿlām al-nisāʾ, vol. 3, p. 208.
- ↑ Ibn Saʿd, Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 36.
- ↑ Kaḥḥāla, Aʿlām al-nisāʾ, vol. 3, pp. 207-208.
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 6, p. 185.
- ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, vol. 1, p. 348.
References
- Dakhīl, ʿAlī Muḥammad. Aʿlām al-nisāʾ. Beirut, al-Dār al-Islāmiyya, 1412 AH/1992.
- Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh. Al-Istīʿāb fī maʿrifat al-aṣḥāb. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad Bajāwī. Beirut, Dār al-Jīl, 1412 AH/1992.
- Ibn Ḥabīb, Muḥammad. Al-Muḥabbar. Edited by Ilse Lichtenstädter. Beirut, Dār al-Āfāq al-Jadīda, n.d.
- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Al-Iṣāba fī tamyīz al-ṣaḥāba. Edited by ʿĀdil Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Mawjūd and ʿAlī Muḥammad Muʿawwaḍ. Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1415 AH/1995.
- Ibn al-Athīr, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. Usd al-ghāba fī maʿrifat al-ṣaḥāba. Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1409 AH/1989.
- Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad. Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1410 AH/1990.
- Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. Āthār-i islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna.
- Kaḥḥāla, ʿUmar Riḍā. Aʿlām al-nisāʾ. Beirut, Muʾassasat al-Risāla, 1412 AH/1991.
- Maḥallātī, Dhabīḥ Allāh. Rayāḥīn al-sharīʿa. Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1368 Sh.
