Hamza b. al-Imam al-Kazim (a)

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Hamza b. al-Imam al-Kazim (a)
TeknonymAbu l-Qasim
FatherImam al-Kazim (a)
MotherUmm Ahmad
Place(s) of ResidenceRey, Iran
Place of BurialRey


Ḥamza b. Mūsā b. Jaʿfar al-Kāẓim (a) (Arabic:حَمزَة بن مُوسی بن جَعفَر الکاظِم) was a son of Imam al-Kazim (a). He was a knowledgeable scholar and was especially popular among people. According to some reports, companions of al-Ma'mun killed him.

Birth and Lineage

The father of Hamza was Imam Musa b. Ja'far al-Kazim (a) and his mother, according to the author of Muntakhab al-tawarikh, was Umm Ahmad. Therefore, Hamza, brother of Ahmad b. Musa (a), known as Shah Chiragh and according to a report, his mother was Umm Walad.[1] His Kunya was Abu l-Qasim.

Due to lack of enough reports, there is no exact information about the date of his birth.


In the View of Great People

After 'Abd al-'Azim al-Hasani went to Rey, he visited the grave of Hamza b. Musa and upon his visit, said, "This is the grave of best of men among the children of Musa b. Ja'far (a)."

Although 'Abd al-'Azim had a great position, he always went to visit Hamza b. Musa's grave and introduced him to his companions and students with confidence.[2]

A treatise attributed to Sahib b. 'Abbad, the scholar of 4th/10th century written about 'Abd al-'Azim and has mentioned this point.[3]

About him, Damin b. Shadqam wrote, "He was a knowledgeable man who guarded religion and had a great position and high status. His power and dignity was well-known among the scholars and lay people and he achieved a great and especial popularity among people."[4]

In Tuhfat al-za'ir, al-'Allama al-Majlisi wrote that, "His respected grave was near the grave of 'Abd al-'Azim and is apparently the same child of Imam (a) whom Sayyid ['Abd al-'Azim] visited and must be visited. It is narrated from the author of al-Mujiddi fi ansab al-talibin that Hmaza b. Musa (a) was titled as Abu l-Qasim.

About him, Muhaddith Qummi said, "Indeed, Hamza son of Musa (a) was a Sayyid of great position. Near the Shrine of Shah 'Abd al-'Azim, there is a grave with a great shrine attributed to him and is visited by all people."[5]

According to him, "It is mentioned in the report of al-Najashi that when 'Abd al-Azim Hasani was living in Rey in disguise, hidden from Abbasids and their agents, he fasted the days and at nights, stood for prayers. He went out and visited a grave and he said that it was the grave of one of the children of Musa b. Ja'far (a)."[6]

His Martyrdom or Demise

There is no accurate information about the demise of Hamza b. Musa (a). In the references about his life, no information is mentioned about this issue and Islamic scholars and historians have not made any research in this regard.

According to some reports, some supporters of Ma'mun rebelled against Hamza and martyred him, until his friends buried him in a garden.[7]

In A'yan al-Shi'a, Sayyid Muhsin al-Amin quoted from Bihar al-anwar, "Hamza b. Musa (a) went to Khurasan together with his brother, Imam al-Rida (a). He was completely at the service of his brother and strived to fulfill his needs. When they arrived in Susamar (a village of unknown location), some agents of Ma'mun attacked them and martyred him. Then, Imam al-Rida (a) buried him in a garden."[8]

His Children

Ali: He died and left no children behind. He was buried in Bab Istakhr of Shiraz.[9] Qasim known as Qasim A'rabi: He left a great line of Sayyid descendants after himself.[10] Hamza: Many Sayyids descended after him in Balkh and Khurasan. Safavid kings are descendants of Hamza b. Hamza.[11]

Attributed Tombs

Many tombs in Iran and other countries are attributed to Hamza b. Musa (a), in Kashmar, between Mahshahr and Hindijan, Shiraz, Bawanat in Fars province, Kazerun, Qom, Esfarayen, Sirjan, Hillah, Shirvan, Kakharan three kilometers away from Ardabil, Tabriz, Qazvin and Rey.

Evidences for His Tomb in Rey

In Mazarat Ahl al-Bayt (a) wa tarikhuha, Muhammad Husayn Husayni Jalali has written, "One of the reasons for living Sayyid 'Abd al-'Azim Hasani in Rey was Hamza b. Musa (a)." This fact is also mentioned in his Ziyarat Nama, "O visitor of the best man among the children of Musa b. Ja'far (a)."

According to some reports, a group of advocates of Ma'mun revolted and martyred Hamaza and his friends buried him in a garden in Rey.[12]

Hirz al-Din has said, "The tomb of Hamza is well-known in Rey and is attached to the south of the tomb of Sayyid 'Abd al-'Azim Hasani. It has a great and tall dome and precious darih and windows. It is not unknown to people that several tombs in different cities are attributed to Hamza b. Musa (a), and the one in Rey is one of the most famous among them. He was among great scholars, a faqih and God-wary. He accepted the imamate of his brother, Ali b. Musa al-Rida (a) and served him in Medina. He obeyed Imam's (a) order and was among his companions and served him at home and in journeys.[13]

Khwansari in Rawdat al-Jannat[14] and Rida Quli Khan in Rawdat al-safay Nasiri[15] have mentioned the grave of Hamza in Rey.

Sayyid 'Abd al-Razzaq Kamuna Husayni has mentioned, "the tomb of Hamza b. Musa (a) is in Rey as Sayyid Mahdi Qazwini has mentioned it in Fulk al-najat."

According to the researcher and scholar in lineage studies, Hamza was a knowledge and God-wary and sincerely obeyed his brother, Imam al-Rida (a) and always sought his contentment.[16]

Notes

  1. ↑ Kutubī al-Ḥasanī, al-Uṣūl, p. 112.
  2. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 48, p. 313.
  3. ↑ Nūrī, Mustadrak al-Wasāʾil, vol. 25, p. 161.
  4. ↑ Ḍāmin b. Shadqam, Tuḥfat al-azhār, vol. 2, p. 322.
  5. ↑ Qummī, Muntahā l-āmāl, vol. 3, p. 1567.
  6. ↑ Qummī, Muntahā l-āmāl, vol. 3, p. 1567.
  7. ↑ Ḥusaynī Jalālī, Khāk-i pākān, p. 314.
  8. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 6, p. 251.
  9. ↑ Gīlānī, Sirāj al-ansāb, 76.
  10. ↑ Fakhr al-Razī, al-Shajara al-Mubāraka, p. 96.
  11. ↑ Fakhr al-Razī, al-Shajara al-Mubāraka, p. 96.
  12. ↑ Ḥusaynī Jalālī, Khāk-i pākān, p. 314.
  13. ↑ Ḥirz al-Dīn, Marāqid al-maʿārif, vol. 1, p. 262, 267.
  14. ↑ Ḥirz al-Dīn, Marāqid al-maʿārif, vol. 4, p. 212.
  15. ↑ Ḥirz al-Dīn, Marāqid al-maʿārif, vol. 11, p. 634.
  16. ↑ Kamūna Ḥusaynī, Āramgāhha-yi khāndān-i payāmbar, p. 129.

References

  • Amīn, Sayyid Muḥsin al-. Aʿyān al-Shīʿa. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf, 1406 AH.
  • Ḍāmin b. Shadqam al-Ḥusaynī. Tuḥfat al-azhār wa zulāl al-anhā fī nisab abnāʾ al-aʾimma. Edited by Kāmil Salmān al-Jabūrī. Tehran: Daftar-i Nashr-i Maktūb, 1378 Sh.
  • Fakhr al-Razī, Muḥamamd b. ʿUmar al-. Al-Shajara al-Mubāraka fī ansāb al-ṭālibīyya. Qom: Kitābkhāna-yi Āyatullāh Marʿashī al-Najafī, 1409 AH.
  • Gīlānī, Sayyid Aḥmad b. Muḥammad. Sirāj al-ansāb. Kitābkhāna-yi Āyatullāh Marʿashī al-Najafī, 1409 AH.
  • Ḥirz al-Dīn, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. Marāqid al-maʿārif fī taʿyīn marāqid al-ʿalawīyyīn wa al-ṣahāba wa l-tabiʿīn wa l-ruwāt wa l-ʿulamāʾ wa l-shuʾarāʾ. Qom: Saʿīd b. Jubayr, 1413 AH.
  • Ḥusaynī Jalālī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Khāk-i pākān tārīkh ārāmgāhhā-yi khāndān-i Payāmbar wa ṣahāba-yi khāṣ ānān. Translated to Farsi by Qurbānʿalī Ismāʿīlī. Second edition. Mashhad: Āstān-i Quds-i Raḍawī, 1380 Sh.
  • Kamūna Ḥusaynī, Sayyid ʿAbd al-Razzāq. Āramgāhha-yi khāndān-i payāmbar wa buzurgān. Translated to Farsi by ʿAbd al-ʿAlī Ṣāhibī. Mashhad: Āstān-i Quds-i Raḍawī, 1371 Sh.
  • Kutubī al-Ḥasanī, Anas al-. Al-Uṣūl fī dhurrīyat al-bīḍʿa al-batūl. Medina: Dār al-Mujtabā, 1420 AH.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
  • Nūrī, Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad Taqī al-. Mustadrak al-Wasāʾil wa mustanbaṭ al-masāʾil. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1429 AH.
  • Qummī, Shaykh ʿAbbās al-. Muntahā l-āmāl. Edited by Nāṣir Bāqirī Bīdhindī. Qom: Intishārāt-i Dalīl-i Mā, 1379 Sh.
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