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Imam al-Hasan b. Ali al-Mujtaba (a): Difference between revisions
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===Religious Authority=== | ===Religious Authority=== | ||
There are several reports of Imam al-Hasan's sessions in Medina, which were intended to educate and guide people in matters of religion. For instance, Ibn Saʿd (d. 230/944), al-Baladhuri (d. 279/892), and Ibn ʿAsakir (d. 571/1175) have reported that al-Hasan (a) would perform [[morning prayer]] in the [[mosque of the Prophet (s)]] and would continue worshipping there until sunrise. Afterwards, people would gather around him and discuss with him about different issues. He had the same gatherings after noon [[prayer]] as well. In ''[[al-Fusul al-muhimma]]'', it is reported that Imam al-Hasan (a) would sit in the mosque of the Prophet (s) and respond to the questions of the people who would gather around him. | There are several reports of Imam al-Hasan's sessions in Medina, which were intended to educate and guide people in matters of religion. For instance, Ibn Saʿd (d. 230/944), al-Baladhuri (d. 279/892), and Ibn ʿAsakir (d. 571/1175) have reported that al-Hasan (a) would perform [[morning prayer]] in the [[mosque of the Prophet (s)]] and would continue worshipping there until sunrise. Afterwards, people would gather around him and discuss with him about different issues. He had the same gatherings after noon [[prayer]] as well.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 10, p. 297; Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 21; Ibn ʿAsākir, ''Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq'', vol. 13, p. 241.</ref> In ''[[al-Fusul al-muhimma]]'', it is reported that Imam al-Hasan (a) would sit in the mosque of the Prophet (s) and respond to the questions of the people who would gather around him.<ref>Ibn Ṣabāgh Mālikī, ''al-Fuṣūl al-muhimma'', vol. 2, p. 702.</ref> | ||
However, according to [[Mahdi Pishvayi]], the Imam (a) fell into some disfavor with the people, which had its consequences on the moral decadence of the society of that time. | |||
However, according to [[Mahdi Pishvayi]], the Imam (a) fell into some disfavor with the people, which had its consequences on the moral decadence of the society of that time.<ref>Pīshwāyī, ''Tārīkh-i islām'', vol. 2, p. 440.</ref> | |||
===Social Status=== | ===Social Status=== | ||
The Imam (a) had a high social status. Ibn Saʿd mentions that when the people would see al-Hasan (a) in [[hajj]], they would rush to him to receive his blessings, such that al-Husayn (a) with the help of some other individuals had to protect him. | The Imam (a) had a high social status. Ibn Saʿd mentions that when the people would see al-Hasan (a) in [[hajj]], they would rush to him to receive his blessings, such that al-Husayn (a) with the help of some other individuals had to protect him.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 10, p. 406.</ref> It is also reported that although [[Ibn 'Abbas]] was older than Imam al-Hasan (a),<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb fī maʿrifat al-aṣḥāb'', p. 935.</ref> he would serve the Imam (a) by helping him mount his horse.<ref>Ibn ʿAsākir, ''Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq'', vol. 13, p. 239.</ref> | ||
It is also reported that although [[Ibn 'Abbas]] was older than Imam al-Hasan (a), he would serve the Imam (a) by helping him mount his horse. | |||
===Political Isolation=== | ===Political Isolation=== | ||
When Imam al-Hasan (a) left Kufa, a group of [[Kharijites]] gathered in [[Nukhayla]] to wage war against Mu'awiya. The latter wrote a letter to Imam al-Hasan (a) and asked him to return to Kufa and fight with them. The Imam (a) refused and responded, “If I were to fight with any Muslims, I would fight with you.” Likewise, when another group of Kharijites revolted against Mu'awiya under the command of Hawthara al-Asadi, Muʿawiya made a similar request from the Imam (a), to which he received the same response. | When Imam al-Hasan (a) left Kufa, a group of [[Kharijites]] gathered in [[Nukhayla]] to wage war against Mu'awiya. The latter wrote a letter to Imam al-Hasan (a) and asked him to return to Kufa and fight with them. The Imam (a) refused and responded, “If I were to fight with any Muslims, I would fight with you.”<ref>Ibn Athīr, ''al-Kāmīl fī al-tārīkh'', vol. 3, p. 409.</ref> Likewise, when another group of Kharijites revolted against Mu'awiya under the command of Hawthara al-Asadi, Muʿawiya made a similar request from the Imam (a), to which he received the same response.<ref>Irbilī, ''Kashf al-ghumma'', vol. 1, p. 536.</ref> | ||
===The Umayyad Reaction=== | ===The Umayyad Reaction=== | ||
There are some reports of offensive behavior by some [[Umayyads]] toward Imam al-Hasan (a). Moreover, in ''[[al-Ihtijaj]]'', several debates between Imam al-Hasan (a) and Muʿawiyah and his supporters are recorded. In those debates, the Imam (a) defended the high position of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] and revealed the wickedness of his enemies. | There are some reports of offensive behavior by some [[Umayyads]] toward Imam al-Hasan (a).<ref>Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''al-Manāqib'', vol. 4, p. 8.</ref> Moreover, in ''[[al-Ihtijaj]]'', several debates between Imam al-Hasan (a) and Muʿawiyah and his supporters are recorded. In those debates, the Imam (a) defended the high position of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] and revealed the wickedness of his enemies.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''al-Iḥtijāj'', vol. 1, p. 270-284.</ref> | ||
==Martyrdom== | ==Martyrdom== | ||