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Imam al-Hasan b. Ali al-Mujtaba (a): Difference between revisions
Imam al-Hasan b. Ali al-Mujtaba (a) (view source)
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===Allegiance of Muslims and Oppositions by People of Syria=== | ===Allegiance of Muslims and Oppositions by People of Syria=== | ||
According to Shiite and Sunni sources, after the martyrdom of [[Amir al-Mu'minin (a)]] in 40/661, people pledged their allegiance to al-Hasan b. 'Ali (a).<ref>Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 214; Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 5, p. 158; Masʿūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 2, p. 426.</ref> According to al-Baladhuri (d. 279/892-3), after the burial of Imam 'Ali (a), [['Ubayad Allah b. 'Abbas]] went to people and gave the news of the Imam's martyrdom, telling them: "he has left a well-deserved and patient successor. You can pledge your allegiance to him if you would like to."<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 28.</ref> According to ''[[al-Irshad]]'', in the morning of Friday, Ramadan 21/January 28, al-Hasan b. 'Ali gave a speech in the mosque, in which he enumerated the virtues and merits of his father, emphasized on his own connection to the Prophet (s), pointed to his own merits, and appealed to verses of the Qur'an concerning the special place of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]].<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 7-9; Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 62.</ref> After the speech, [['Abd Allah b. 'Abbas]] stood up and told people: "pledge your allegiance to the son of your Prophet and the successor of your Imam." And people pledged their allegiance to him.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 8-9.</ref> According to sources, the number of people who pledged allegiance to him amounted to over 40,000.<ref>Maqrizī, ''Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ'', vol. 5, p. 358.</ref>.<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb fī maʿrifat al-aṣḥāb'', vol. 1, p. 385.</ref>.<ref>Dīyārbakrī, ''Tārīkh al-khamīs'', vol. 2, p. 289.</ref>.<ref>Nuwayrī, ''Nihāyat al-ʾirb'', vol. 20, p. 229.</ref> On al-Tabari's account, [[Qays b. Sa'd b. 'Ubada]], a commander of Imam Ali's army, was the first person to pledge allegiance to him.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 5, p. 158.</ref> | According to Shiite and Sunni sources, after the martyrdom of [[Amir al-Mu'minin (a)]] in 40/661, people pledged their allegiance to al-Hasan b. 'Ali (a).<ref>Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 214; Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 5, p. 158; Masʿūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 2, p. 426.</ref> According to [[al-Baladhuri]] (d. 279/892-3), after the burial of Imam 'Ali (a), [['Ubayad Allah b. 'Abbas]] went to people and gave the news of the Imam's martyrdom, telling them: "he has left a well-deserved and patient successor. You can pledge your allegiance to him if you would like to."<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 28.</ref> According to ''[[al-Irshad]]'', in the morning of Friday, [[Ramadan 21]]/[[January 28]], al-Hasan b. 'Ali gave a speech in the mosque, in which he enumerated the virtues and merits of his father, emphasized on his own connection to the Prophet (s), pointed to his own merits, and appealed to verses of the Qur'an concerning the special place of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]].<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 7-9; Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 62.</ref> After the speech, [['Abd Allah b. 'Abbas]] stood up and told people: "pledge your allegiance to the son of your Prophet and the successor of your Imam." And people pledged their allegiance to him.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 8-9.</ref> According to sources, the number of people who pledged allegiance to him amounted to over 40,000.<ref>Maqrizī, ''Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ'', vol. 5, p. 358.</ref>.<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb fī maʿrifat al-aṣḥāb'', vol. 1, p. 385.</ref>.<ref>Dīyārbakrī, ''Tārīkh al-khamīs'', vol. 2, p. 289.</ref>.<ref>Nuwayrī, ''Nihāyat al-ʾirb'', vol. 20, p. 229.</ref> On al-Tabari's account, [[Qays b. Sa'd b. 'Ubada]], a commander of Imam Ali's army, was the first person to pledge allegiance to him.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 5, p. 158.</ref> | ||
According to Husayn Muhammad Ja'fari in his book, ''[[Tashayyu' dar masir-i tarikh]]'' (Shiism in the course of history), many companions of the Prophet (s) who had resided in [[Kufa]] after the construction of the city or had moved to the city in the period of Imam 'Ali's caliphate pledged their allegiance to Imam al-Hasan (a) or otherwise accepted his caliphate.<ref>Jaʿfarī, ''Tashayyuʿ dar masīr-i tārīkh'', p. 158.</ref> Ja'fari relies on certain pieces of evidence to show that people of Mecca and Medina also agreed with the caliphate of al-Hasan b. 'Ali, and people of Iraq considered him as the only candidate for the position.<ref>Jaʿfarī, ''Tashayyuʿ dar masīr-i tārīkh'', p. 158-160.</ref> According to Ja'fari, people of [[Yemen]] and Fars ([[Persia]]) had also implicitly endorsed his caliphate, or at least, they showed no opposition thereto.<ref>Jaʿfarī, ''Tashayyuʿ dar masīr-i tārīkh'', p. 161.</ref> | According to Husayn Muhammad Ja'fari in his book, ''[[Tashayyu' dar masir-i tarikh]]'' (Shiism in the course of history), many companions of the Prophet (s) who had resided in [[Kufa]] after the construction of the city or had moved to the city in the period of Imam 'Ali's caliphate pledged their allegiance to Imam al-Hasan (a) or otherwise accepted his caliphate.<ref>Jaʿfarī, ''Tashayyuʿ dar masīr-i tārīkh'', p. 158.</ref> Ja'fari relies on certain pieces of evidence to show that people of Mecca and Medina also agreed with the caliphate of al-Hasan b. 'Ali, and people of Iraq considered him as the only candidate for the position.<ref>Jaʿfarī, ''Tashayyuʿ dar masīr-i tārīkh'', p. 158-160.</ref> According to Ja'fari, people of [[Yemen]] and Fars ([[Persia]]) had also implicitly endorsed his caliphate, or at least, they showed no opposition thereto.<ref>Jaʿfarī, ''Tashayyuʿ dar masīr-i tārīkh'', p. 161.</ref> | ||