Kadhimiya

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Kadhimiya
The holy shrine of Imam al-Kazim (a) and Imam al-Jawad (a)
The holy shrine of Imam al-Kazim (a) and Imam al-Jawad (a)
Coordinate33°22′50″N 44°20′50″E / 33.38056°N 44.34722°E / 33.38056; 44.34722
CountryIraq
ProvinceBaghdad
LanguageArabic
ReligionShi'a
Places
ShrinesHoly Shrine of al-Kazimayn
MosquesBuratha Mosque ᛫ Safawi Mosque ᛫ Al-mantiqa (al-'Atiqa) Mosque ᛫ Abu Hanifa Mosque


Al-Kāẓimīya (Arabic:الکاظمیه) or al-Kāẓimīayn (الکاظمین) is among important religious cities of Iraq where the shrines of two infallible Imams (a), Imam al-Kazim (a) and Imam al-Jawad (a) are located. This city is of great significance to Shi'a after the religious cities of Najaf and Karbala.

Kadhimiya is located on the west of Tigris River on the north-west of Baghdad. Some Shi'a scholars such as al-Shaykh al-Mufid and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi are buried in this city.

Naming

The reason for naming is because of the shrines of Imam al-Kazim (a) and Imam al-Jawad (a). Other names of this city are "Kazimayn", "Balad al-Kazimi", and "al-Mashhad al-Kazimi".

Geographical Location and Climate

Kadhimiya is located near Baghdad but now attached to it due to urban expansion. It is located on the west of Tigris River and thus has a moderate climate. Raining in most times of the year is like a spring shower. Therefore, at the time of Abbasids, Baghdad and other breadbasket areas around it were decided as the capital and resort for Abbasid rulers.

History

An old picture of the Holy Shrine of al-Kazimayn (a) in 1335/1916-7.

Due to its special geographical location, Kadhimiya has been considered important and its history is thought to date back before Jesus Christ. At the time of Sassanids, this region has been a garden of an Iranian King called Tasuj and has been called so. In the Battle of Nahrawan in 38/658 following the order of Imam 'Ali (a), martyrs of the war were buried here and it was called "Maqbarat al-Shuhada". At the time of Abbasids, when expanding and reviving Baghdad and choosing it as the capital, this cemetery was called "Shunizi", and al-Mansur al-Dawaniqi chose it for burying Abbasid elders and families and thereafter was called "Maqabir Quraysh" (Quraysh cemetery).

Later, by the order of Harun al-Rashid, Imam al-Kazim (a) was martyred by Sindi b. Shahik and the body of Imam (a) was buried in Quraysh cemetery. After burying Imam (a), his grave was called as Mashhad Bab al-Taban. In 220/835, Imam al-Jawad (a) was buried beside the grave of Imam al-Kazim (a).

Destructions and Reconstructions

This city has been destroyed and burned due to flood, earthquake, civil, and religious wars several times and was reconstructed. Buyids were among Shi'a rulers of Baghdad who cared about the reconstruction of the cities and graves of Imams (a). 'Ala al-Din al-Juwayni, a ruler of Baghdad was among those who reconstructed the city and graves of Imams (a) after the invasion of Hulagu Khan in 651/1253-4 to Baghdad and its destruction.

Important Sites

Buratha mosque is located in Buratha neighborhood. It is said that upon returning from the Battle of Nahrawan, Imam 'Ali (a) prayed in this mosque.

Safawi mosque is built by Shah Isma'il Safawi and is very beautiful.

Al-Mantaqa mosque is also known as "Masjid al-'Aqiqa".

Buried Important Figures

Imams (a)

Imam al-Kazim (a) and Imam al-Jawad (a), the seventh and ninth Imams (a) of Shi'a are buried in this city and their shrines is known as Haram al-Kazimayn.

Politicians

Scholars

See Also

References

  • The material for writing this article has been mainly taken from کاظمین in Farsi wikishia.