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Forty-fifth Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya

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This article is an introduction to the Forty-fifth Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya; to read its text see text:Forty-fifth Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya.
Forty-fifth Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya
SubjectDu'a for Farewell to the month of Ramadan, features of the month of Ramadan, thanking God
Hadith-Based/Non-Hadith-BasedHadith-Based
Issued byImam al-Sajjad (a)
NarratorMutawakkil b. Harun
Shi'a sourcesAl-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya
TimeAt the end of the month of Ramadan


The forty-fifth supplication of al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya (Arabic: الدعاء الخامس والأربعون من الصحيفة السجادية) is a supplication transmitted from Imam al-Sajjad (a). In this supplication, Imam al-Sajjad (a) acknowledges God's blessings upon humanity and His self-sufficiency from His servants, expressing gratitude for His bounties. In this supplication, Imam al-Sajjad (a) enumerates the virtues of the month of Ramadan, bids farewell to it, and asks God to grant him the opportunity to experience the next Ramadan. The necessity of repentance on Eid al-Fitr, praying for others, and sending blessings upon Prophet Muhammad (s) and his family are among the other themes of this supplication.

The forty-fifth supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya is expounded in such commentaries as Diyar-i ashiqan by Husayn Ansarian and Shuhud wa shinakht by Mamduhi Kirmanshahiin in Persian and in Riyad al-salikin by Sayyid Ali Khan al-Madani and some other books in Arabic.

Doctrines

The forty-fifth supplication of Sahifa Sajjadiya is a supplication that Imam al-Sajjad (a) would recite when bidding farewell to the month of Ramadan. According to Mamduhi Kirmanshahi's commentary on this supplication, Imam al-Sajjad (a) uses emotional expressions to say goodbye to this blessed month. Additionally, he highlights some of its virtues and the duties of believers during it so that they may serve as a guide for the next Ramadan.[1]

The teachings of this supplication are as follows:

  • God asks for no rewards for what He gives
  • God's absolute self-sufficiency from His servants
  • God never regrets granting blessings to His servants (regret has no place in God's essence)
  • God's infinity and the infinity of His names and attributes
  • God's rewards exceed the deeds performed by His servants
  • God's punishment is the same as His justice (just punishment)
  • Forgiveness of His servants' sins out of divine grace
  • Granting blessings to His servants without expecting gratitude
  • God's kindness toward His grateful servants
  • Concealment of His servants' sins
  • God's patience with the disobedience of His servants
  • The door of repentance is open for servants
  • God's invitation to His servants for sincere repentance
  • No excuse for those who neglect seeking divine forgiveness
  • The states of sinners and believers on the Day of Judgment
  • A profitable transaction with God (rewarding good deeds tenfold, punishing sins only equally)
  • Human beings having control over their own growth and development
  • Divine planning in harmony with human nature
  • Prayer as an act of worship and neglecting it as arrogance
  • True servants’ gratitude for divine blessings
  • Gratitude toward God for guidance to the chosen religion
  • Arrogance as a barrier to supplication
  • The language of the Qur'an as the best means of inviting people to God
  • Revelation as the only means of knowing the secrets of the unseen world
  • God's guidance toward the chosen religion and His approved way of life
  • The superiority of Ramadan over all other times due to the revelation of the Qur'an
  • The superiority of Muslims over other nations with regard to the month of Ramadan
  • A sorrowful and difficult farewell to Ramadan
  • Ramadan as the most honorable companion (the delight of companionship with Ramadan)
  • Ramadan as the month of fulfilling wishes and needs
  • Ramadan as the greatest month of God
  • The impact of Ramadan in removing the traces of sin and strengthening social ties
  • Ramadan as a helper in combating Satan (fasting as the best tool to overcome Satan)
  • Ramadan as the month in which many sins are forgiven
  • The influence of Ramadan in eliminating obstacles to spiritual wayfaring
  • The greatness of Ramadan in the hearts of the faithful
  • The sorrow of human beings upon the departure of Ramadan
  • The Night of Decree being greater than a thousand months
  • Praying to benefit from the virtues of Ramadan
  • Seeking God's forgiveness for negligence and shortcomings in Ramadan
  • Attributing all goodness to God and shortcomings to human beings
  • Requesting to be among God's beloved repentant servants
  • The necessity of using the capital of life to attain human excellence
  • The removal of evils and the reception of goodness due to Ramadan's blessings
  • Seeking the rank of fear and hope from God
  • Praying for the fear of divine punishment and longing for the promised reward
  • The necessity of repentance with no return to sin on Eid al-Fitr
  • Eid al-Fitr as a day of joy for the believers
  • Reliance in God
  • Praying for all parents and the people of Islam
  • Sending blessings upon the Prophet (s) as a form of gratitude and a revival of his teachings

Commentaries

In the commentaries of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, such as Riyad al-salikin by Sayyid Ali Khan al-Madani,[2] Fi zilal al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya by Muhammad Jawad Mughniya,[3] Riyad al-'arifin by Muhammad b. Muhammad al-Darabi,[4] Afaq al-ruh by Muhammad Husayn Fadl Allah,[5] the forty-fifth supplication is explicated. The words used in the supplication is also elucidated in lexical commentaries such as Fayd Kashani's Ta'liqat 'ala l-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya[6] and 'Izz al-Din al-Jaza'iri's Sharh al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya[7]

The forty-fifth supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya is expounded in such commentaries as Diyar-i ashiqan by Husayn Ansarian,[8] Shuhud wa shinakht by Muhammad Hasan Mamduhi Kirmanshahi,[9] Sharh wa tarjumi-yi Sahifi-yi Sajjadiyya by Sayyid Ahmad Fihri,[10] and some other books in Persian.

For the full text, see text:Forty-fifth Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya.

Notes

  1. ↑ Mamdūḥī Kirmanshāhī, Shuhūd wa shinākht, vol. 3, p. 435.
  2. ↑ Madanī Shīrāzī, Rīyāḍ al-sālikīn, vol. 6, p. 95-198.
  3. ↑ Mughnīya, Fī zilāl al-Ṣaḥīfa, p. 515-538.
  4. ↑ Dārābī, Rīyāḍ al-ʿārifīn, p. 555-574.
  5. ↑ Faḍl Allāh, Āfāq al-rūḥ, vol. 2, p. 389-432.
  6. ↑ Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Taʿlīqāt ʿalā l-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya, p. 89-91.
  7. ↑ Jazā'irī, Sharh al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya, p. 223-234.
  8. ↑ Anṣārīyān, Diyār-i āshiqān, vol. 7, p. 471-496.
  9. ↑ Mamdūḥī Kirmanshāhī, Shuhūd wa shinākht, vol. 3, p. 425-535.
  10. ↑ Fihrī, Sharḥ wa tarjuma-yi Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya, vol. 3, p. 301-336.

References

  • Anṣārīyān, Ḥusayn. Dīyār-i Āshiqān: tafsīr-i jāmiʿ al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Tehran: Payām-i Āzādī, 1372 Sh.
  • Dārābī, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad. Rīyāḍ al-ʿārifīn fī sharḥ al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Edited by Ḥusayn Dargāhī. Tehran: Nashr-i Uswa, 1379 Sh.
  • Faḍl Allāh, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Āfāq al-rūḥ. Beirut: Dār al-Mālik, 1420 AH.
  • Fihrī, Sayyid Aḥmad. Sharḥ wa tarjuma-yi Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Tehran: Nashr-i Uswa, 1388 Sh.
  • Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Muḥammad b. al-Murtaḍā al-. Taʿlīqāt ʿalā l-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Tehran: Muʾassisat al-Buḥūth wa l-Taḥqīqāt al-Thiqāfīyya, 1407 AH.
  • Jazāʾirī, ʿIzz al-Dīn. Sharḥ al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1402 AH.
  • Madanī Shīrāzī, Sayyid ʿAlīkhān. Rīyāḍ al-sālikīn fī sharḥ al-Ṣaḥīfa Sayyid al-Sājjidīn. Qom: Muʾassisat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1435 AH.
  • Mughnīya, Muḥammad Jawād al-. Fī zilāl al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Qom: Dār al-Kitāb al-Islāmī, 1428 AH.
  • Mamdūḥī Kirmanshāhī, Shuhūd wa shinākht; tarjuma wa sharḥ Ṣaḥīfa-yi Sajjādīyya. Qom: Būstān-i Kitāb, 1388 SH.
  • Misbāḥ Yazdī, Muḥammad Taqī. Ṣahbā-yi ḥuḍūr. Qom: Muʾassisa-yi Āmūzishī wa Pazhūhishī-yi Imām Khomeiniī, 1391 Sh.
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