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Forty-third Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya

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This article is an introduction to the Forty-third Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya; to read its text see text:Forty-third Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya.
Forty-third Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya
SubjectDu'a when seeing the crescent moon
Hadith-Based/Non-Hadith-BasedHadith-Based
Issued byImam al-Sajjad (a)
NarratorMutawakkil b. Harun
Shi'a sourcesAl-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya
MonographsAl-Hadiqa l-hilaliyya by Shaykh al-Baha'i
TimeThe beginning of the lunar month when the crescent moon is seen


The forty-third supplication of al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya (Arabic: الدعاء الثالث والأربعون من الصحيفة السجادية) is a supplication transmitted from Imam al-Sajjad (a). The supplication has seven parts and was recited by Imam al-Sajjad (a) when he saw the crescent. In this supplication, Imam al-Sajjad (a) considers the creation of the moon and its movement as a sign of God's plan and asks God for repentance, health, safety from evil, etc., in anticipation of the beginning of the new month.

The forty-third supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya is expounded in such commentaries as Diyar-i ashiqan by Husayn Ansarian and Shuhud wa shinakht by Muhammad Hasan Mamduhi Kirmanshahi, in Persian and in Riyad al-salikin by Sayyid Ali Khan al-Madani and al-Hadiqa al-hilaliyya by Shaykh al-Baha'i and some other books in Arabic.

Doctrines

The forty-third supplication is one of the supplications in the al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiya that Imam al-Sajjad (a) recited when the crescent moon was sighted. According to Muhammad Husayn Fadl Allah in his book Afaq al-Ruh, looking at all the manifestations of existence in the world of creation leads to the discovery of the secrets of nature and the attention of man to his position in the world of possibility.[1] Also, according to Mamduhi Kirmanshahi, Imam al-Sajjad (a) uses every opportunity, including seeing the moon, to pray and draw closer to God, because it is necessary to use every moment to draw closer to God.[2] Here are the doctrines in the supplication:

  • The moon is a submissive creature.
  • The crescent moon is a sign of God's sovereignty.
  • The wonder of God's plan in the creation and movement of the moon.
  • God is the only sovereign of the universe.
  • The moon is one of the signs of the Lord's sovereignty.
  • Prayer for the crescent moon to be blessed.
  • Prayer for the good fortune of the crescent and safety from evils.
  • Praying to be among the most pleased people upon whom the new moon has risen.
  • Prayer for the opportunity of repentance.
  • Asking for gratitude for the blessings in each new month.
  • Benefiting from well-being and protection from harm and evil.
  • Asking for the completion of divine blessings in the light of the completion of obedience.
  • Asking for health and well-being.[3]

Commentaries

In the commentaries of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, such as Riyad al-salikin by Sayyid Ali Khan al-Madani,[4] Fi zilal al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya by Muhammad Jawad Mughniya,[5] Riyad al-'arifin by Muhammad b. Muhammad al-Darabi,[6] Afaq al-ruh by Muhammad Husayn Fadl Allah,[7] the forty-third supplication is explicated. The words used in the supplication is also elucidated in lexical commentaries such as Fayd Kashani's Ta'liqat 'ala l-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya[8] and 'Izz al-Din al-Jaza'iri's Sharh al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya[9]

The forty-third supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya is expounded in such commentaries as Diyar-i ashiqan by Husayn Ansarian,[10] Shuhud wa shinakht by Muhammad Hasan Mamduhi Kirmanshahi,[11] Sharh wa tarjumi-yi Sahifi-yi Sajjadiyya by Sayyid Ahmad Fihri,[12] and some other books in Persian.

This supplication has also been explained in Arabic by Shaykh Baha'i in a book called Al-Hadiqa al-hilaliyya. Shaykh Baha'i first discusses the literal meaning of the crescent and the question of whether supplication is answered when the crescent is seen, and then explains the text of the supplication.

Notes

  1. Faḍl Allāh, ''Āfāq al-rūḥ'', vol. 2, p. 348-349.
  2. Mamdūḥī Kirmanshāhī, ''Shuhūd wa shinākht''
  3. Anṣārīyān, Diyār-i āshiqān, vol. 7, p. 385-398; Mamdūḥī Kirmānshāhī, Shuhūd wa shinākht, vol. 3, p. 373-381; Commentary of 43th supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, Irfan website (Persian).
  4. Madanī Shīrāzī, Rīyāḍ al-sālikīn, vol. 5, p. 499-534.
  5. Mughnīya, Fī zilāl al-Ṣaḥīfa, p. 493-498.
  6. Dārābī, Rīyāḍ al-ʿārifīn, p. 515-542.
  7. Faḍl Allāh, Āfāq al-rūḥ, vol. 2, p. 349-358.
  8. Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Taʿlīqāt ʿalā l-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya, p. 80-87.
  9. Jazā'irī, Sharh al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya, p. 213-215.
  10. Anṣārīyān, Diyār-i āshiqān, vol. 7, p. 381-398.
  11. Mamdūḥī Kirmanshāhī, Shuhūd wa shinākht, vol. 3, p. 371-381.
  12. Fihrī, Sharḥ wa tarjuma-yi Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya, vol. 3, p. 205-209.

References

  • Anṣārīyān, Ḥusayn. Dīyār-i Āshiqān: tafsīr-i jāmiʿ al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Tehran: Payām-i Āzādī, 1372 Sh.
  • Dārābī, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad. Rīyāḍ al-ʿārifīn fī sharḥ al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Edited by Ḥusayn Dargāhī. Tehran: Nashr-i Uswa, 1379 Sh.
  • Faḍl Allāh, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Āfāq al-rūḥ. Beirut: Dār al-Mālik, 1420 AH.
  • Fihrī, Sayyid Aḥmad. Sharḥ wa tarjuma-yi Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Tehran: Nashr-i Uswa, 1388 Sh.
  • Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Muḥammad b. al-Murtaḍā al-. Taʿlīqāt ʿalā l-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Tehran: Muʾassisat al-Buḥūth wa l-Taḥqīqāt al-Thiqāfīyya, 1407 AH.
  • Jazāʾirī, ʿIzz al-Dīn. Sharḥ al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1402 AH.
  • Madanī Shīrāzī, Sayyid ʿAlīkhān. Rīyāḍ al-sālikīn fī sharḥ al-Ṣaḥīfa Sayyid al-Sājjidīn. Qom: Muʾassisat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1435 AH.
  • Mughnīya, Muḥammad Jawād al-. Fī zilāl al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīyya. Qom: Dār al-Kitāb al-Islāmī, 1428 AH.
  • Mamdūḥī Kirmanshāhī, Shuhūd wa shinākht; tarjuma wa sharḥ Ṣaḥīfa-yi Sajjādīyya. Qom: Būstān-i Kitāb, 1388 SH.
  • Shaykh Bahāʾī, Muḥammad. Al-Ḥadīqa al-hilāliya. Edited by Sayyid Alī Mūsawī Khurāsānī. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt 1411 AH.