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Haritha b. Nu’man

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Haritha b. Nu’man
Personal Information
TeknonymAbu 'Abd Allah
LineageKhazraj
Muhajir/AnsarAnsar
Place(s) of ResidenceMedina
Death50/670
Religious Information
Presence at ghazwasBadr, Uhud, Hunayn
Known forCompanion of the Prophet (s)
Other ActivitiesNarrator of hadith


Ḥāritha b. Nuʿmān (Arabic: حارثة بن النعمان) (d. 50/670) was a companion of the Prophet (s) and Imam 'Ali (a). He participated in the battles of Badr, Uhud, Hunayn and the battles during the caliphate of Imam 'Ali (a). Haritha gifted his houses to the Messenger of God (s) so that he (s) could live in them with his wives. He also donated a house to the Prophet (s) for the residence of Imam 'Ali (a) and Lady Fatima (a). He witnessed the archangel Gabriel (a) in the form of Dihya al-Kalbi and greeted him.

Narrations from Haritha about the Prophet (s) have been reported in hadith sources.

Position

Haritha b. Nu'man was one of the companions of the Prophet (s) and Imam 'Ali (a).[1] He participated alongside the Prophet (s) in the battles of Badr, Uhud, Hunayn,[2] and other battles. According to al-Shaykh al-Tusi, he was present alongside Imam Ali (a) in the battles during his caliphate.[3]

Haritha is considered a companion who, during the Battle of Hunayn, remained with the Prophet (s) and defended him after some Muslims fled due to the surprise attack of the polytheists.[4]

Status in Transmission of Hadiths

Prophet (s) said:

I heard a recitation in Paradise in a dream; I asked, "Who is this person?" It was said, "This is Haritha b. Nu'man"; Such are your righteous ones.[5]

Haritha was a narrator of hadith[6] whose narrations have been mentioned in narrative, biographical, and historical collections such as the Musnad of Ahmad b. Hanbal, al-Maghazi, and al-Mu'talif wa al-Mukhtalif.[7] Narrators such as 'Abd Allah b. al-'Abbas, 'Abd Allah b. 'Amir b. Rabi'a, and Tha'laba b. Abi Malik transmitted narrations from the Prophet (s) through him.[8]

Seeing Gabriel

In hagiographical sources, Haritha is mentioned as one of the distinguished companions.[9] According to al-Shaykh al-Tusi, Haritha saw Gabriel (a) twice as Dihya al-Kalbi and greeted him.[10] Also, Ibn 'Abd al-Birr mentioned in his book al-Isti'ab that Haritha was well-known for his kindness and respect towards his mother.[11]

Gifting His Houses to the Prophet (s)

Haritha is considered the first person in Medina who gifted his houses to the Prophet (s).[12] According to the report by Ibn Sa'd, the historian of the third/ninth century, the chambers of Haritha were near the rooms of the Messenger of God (s).[13] Whenever the Prophet (s) had a new marriage, Haritha would move from one chamber to a more distant one, and in this way, he gave all his chambers to the Prophet (s) so that he (s) could live in them with his wives.[14] Among them was Mariya's first residence[15] and the house where the Prophet (s) lodged Safiyya, and 'Ayisha and the women of the Ansar would visit her in that house.[16] The Prophet (s) prayed for Haritha for donating his houses to the Prophet (s) and the emigrants.[17]

Gifting a House for the Residence of Imam Ali (a) and Lady Fatima (s)

Main article: House of Lady Fatima (a)

Ibn Sa'd, the Sunni historian (d. 230 AH/844- 5), narrated in al-Tabaqat al-Kubra from Imam al-Baqir (a) that after Imam 'Ali (a) married Lady Fatima (a), he (a) prepared a house that was a little distant from Prophet's (s) house. The Prophet (s) expressed his desire for his daughter to live near his own house. Lady Fatima (a) asked the Prophet (s) to speak to Haritha so that they (a) could reside in his house.[18] The Prophet (s) said that he (s) felt shy to mention this to Haritha, as he had gifted some of his houses to him and had moved from one chamber to another because of him.[19] Haritha learned of this and gifted his house to the Prophet (s).[20] According to some Shi'a sources, after their marriage, Imam Ali (a) and Lady Fatima (a) resided in the house that Haritha had gifted to the Prophet (s).[21]

Ibn Shabbah (d. 262/875- 6), a Sunni historian, reported that Haritha’s house was located next to the house of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari and later became owned by Imam al-Sadiq (a), serving as his residence.[22] This house was demolished in 1986, 87 during the expansion of the Prophet's (s) Mosque.[23]

Lineage and Demise

Harith was the son of Nu'man b. Naf' or Naq',[24] the Ansari from the Khazraj tribe,[25] and Ja'da bnt. 'Ubayd b. Tha'laba.[26] His kunya was Aba 'Abd Allah,[27] from the Banu Najjar tribe, and he resided in Medina.[28] Due to his participation in the Battle of Badr, he is also referred to in some sources as Haritha b. Nu'man al-Ansari al-Badri.[29] It is said that Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Abd Allah b. Haritha, known as Abu al-Rijal, was one of his descendants.[30]

Ibn Hibban (d. 354/965), a Sunni scholar of Rijal, has stated, based on a report, that Haritha was martyred in the Battle of Badr.[31] However, some have rejected Ibn Hibban's view due to Haritha's presence in other battles during the time of the Prophet (s).[32] According to the report of Ibn Sa'd (d. 230/844- 5), historians have only mentioned that Haritha passed away during the caliphate of Mu'awiya.[33] However, al-Dhahabi (d. 748/1347- 8) recorded his death in 50/670- 1.[34]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Rijāl al-Ṭūsī, p. 37.
  2. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, p. 307.
  3. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Rijāl al-Ṭūsī, p. 17.
  4. ↑ Ibn Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 1, p. 655.
  5. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, p. 307.
  6. ↑ Haythamī, Majmaʿ al-zawāʾid, vol. 9, p. 313- 314.
  7. ↑ ʿAzīzī and others. al-Ruwāt al-Mushtarakūn bayn al-Shīʿa wa al-Sunna, vol. 1, p. 191.
  8. ↑ Ṭabarānī, al-Muʿjam al-kabīr, vol. 3, p. 227; Abī Naʿīm, Maʿrifat al-Ṣaḥāba, vol. 2, p. 58.
  9. ↑ Ibn Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 1, p. 655.
  10. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Rijāl al-Ṭūsī, p. 37.
  11. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, p. 307.
  12. ↑ ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Buyūt al-Ṣaḥāba, p. 69.
  13. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 132.
  14. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 132.
  15. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 171.
  16. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 100; Balādhurī, Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 1, p. 444.
  17. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 133.
  18. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 132.
  19. ↑ Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓim, vol. 5, p. 246.
  20. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 132- 133.
  21. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Iʿlām al-warā, vol. 1, p. 161.
  22. ↑ Ibn Shabba, Tārīkh al-Madīnat al-munawwara, vol. 1, p. 259.
  23. ↑ Sharāb, Farhang-i aʿlām-i jughrāfiyaʾī-tārīkhī, vol. 1, p. 149.
  24. ↑ Ibn Ḥabbān, al-Thiqāt, vol. 3, p. 79.
  25. ↑ Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, vol. 2, p. 378.
  26. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, p. 307.
  27. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 3, p. 371.
  28. ↑ Ibn Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 1, p. 655.
  29. ↑ Ṭabarānī, al-Muʿjam al-kabīr, vol. 3, p. 227; Abī Naʿīm, Maʿrifat al-Ṣaḥāba, vol. 2, p. 58.
  30. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 5, p. 402.
  31. ↑ Ibn Ḥabbān, al-Thiqāt, vol. 3, p. 79.
  32. ↑ Ibn Bālbān al-Fārisī, al-Iḥsān, vol. 10, p. 510.
  33. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 8, p. 132.
  34. ↑ Dhahabī, Tārīkh al-Islām, vol. 2, p. 396.

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