Burayda b. al-Husayb

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Burayda b. al-Husayb
Personal Information
TeknonymAbu 'Abd Allah
LineageAslam b. Afsa tribe
Muhajir/AnsarAnsar
Place(s) of ResidenceMedina, Basra, Merv
Death/Martyrdom63/682-3
Burial PlaceTurkmenistan
Religious Information
Presence at ghazwasAll ghazwas except for battles of Badr and Uhud
Migration toBasra, Merv
Known forRefusing to pledge allegiance with Abu Bakr and supporting Imam 'Ali (a)


Burayda b. al-Ḥuṣayb al-Aslamī (Arabic: بُرَیدَة بن الحُصَيب الأَسلَمي) was a companion of the Prophet (s). He attended most of the Prophet's (s) battles (ghazwas). He was the head of the Aslam b. Afsa tribe. His conversion to Islam led to the conversion of many people in his tribe to Islam. After the demise of the Prophet (s) he supported Imam 'Ali (a) and refused to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr.

Lineage

Burayda's father is mentioned in many sources as "al-Husayb" and in some of Shia source as "Khuḍayb".[1] He was the head of the Aslam b. Afsa tribe. He was known with different teknonyms such as Abu 'Abd Allah, Abu Sahl, Abu l-Husayb, and Abu Sasan, but he is most commonly known as Abu 'Abd Allah.[2]

In the Period of the Prophet (s)

During the Prophet's (s) immigration from Mecca to Medina, when the Prophet (s) had a sojourn in al-Ghamim station, Burayda and 80 families associated with him went to the Prophet (s) and converted to Islam. But on Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani's account,[3] he converted to Islam after the Battle of Badr.

Burayda only joined the Prophet (s) in Medina after the Battle of Uhud. After this battle, he moved to Medina and attended all the Prophet's (s) later battles. In 9/630-1, he was once commissioned by the Prophet (s) to receive taxes from Aslam and Ghifar tribes and once again to call them to join the Battle of Tabuk.

He narrated hadiths from the Prophet (s), and Abu Dawud, the author of Musnad cited his hadiths. His son, 'Abd Allah b. Burayda and his grandsons, Aws b. 'Abd Allah and Sahl b. 'Abd Allah also narrated hadiths from him.[4]

He narrated a hadith according to which the Prophet (s) told him, Abu Bakr b. Abi Quhafa, 'Umar b. Khattab, Talha, and al-Zubayr to greet 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a) as Amir al-Mu'minin, and they did so.[5]

After the Prophet (s)'s Demise

After the Prophet (s) demise, Burayda al-Aslami refused to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr and supported Imam 'Ali (a).[6] He continued to live in Medina until Basra was built, when he moved to Basra. He fought in Khorasan and resided in Merv.[7]

According to Ibn Kathir[8] and al-Baladhuri,[9] he and Rabi' b. Ziyad were among the 50,000 people who moved from Basra and Kufa to Khorasan in 51/671-2 at the command of Ziyad b. Abih.

Love of Imam 'Ali (a)

His love for Imam 'Ali (a) goes back to his company of the Imam (a) during a trip to Yemen. On this trip, Khalid b. al-Walid who was dissatisfied with Imam 'Ali's (a) performance, sent Burayda to the Prophet (s) in order to express his complaints of Imam 'Ali (a).[10] When he went to the Prophet (s) and heard the Prophet's (s) word about Imam 'Ali (a), he began to love the Imam (a). When Abu Bakr was appointed as the caliph after the demise of the Prophet (s), he went to the Banu Aslam tribe and installed a flag among them, calling people to object to Abu Bakr's caliphate and pledge their allegiance to Imam 'Ali (a).[11]

He narrated many hadiths from the Prophet (s) with regard to the virtues of Imam 'Ali (a), including:

  • The Event of Ghadir Khumm.[12]
  • The story of the Prophet (s) taking back the flag from Abu Bakr and giving it to 'Ali (a) in the Battle of Khaybar.[13] The Prophet (s) had said: "tomorrow I will give the flag to someone who is loved by God and His prophet, and God will bring about the victory on his hands, and he never runs away." The next day he gave the flag to 'Ali (a) and he conquered the battle.[14]

Death

According to Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani,[15] Burayda died in 63/682-3, and according to Ibn Athir, he died during the reign of Yazid b. Mu'awiya (r. 60/680 - 64/683) in Khorasan (near Merv).[16]

His grave is located in today's Turkmenistan. Al-Hakam b. al-Ghifari, another well-known Companion of the Prophet (s), is buried near Burayd's grave. Muslim residents of the region call these two figures the "twin flag-holders of Islam". According to al-Tabrisi in his I'lam al-wara, there is a hadith from the Prophet (s) addressing Burayda, in which he prognosticates the immigration of Burayda and some other people to Merv.[17]

Children

In his al-Tabaqat al-kubra, Ibn Sa'd mentioned a person called 'Abd Allah, the son of Burayda al-Aslami, who narrated hadiths from his father.[18] Waqid, the grandfather of the historian, Muhammad b. 'Umar al-Waqidi, was an emancipated slave of 'Abd Allah b. Burayda.[19]

Notes

  1. ↑ Mamaqānī, Tanqīḥ al-maqāl, vol. 1, part 2, p. 166; Tustarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, vol. 2, p. 287.
  2. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, p. 185.
  3. ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol.1, p. 146.
  4. ↑ Kashshī, Ikhtīyār maʿrifat al-rijāl, p. 30, 38, 94; Ibn Qutayba, ʿUyūn al-akhbār, vol. 1, p. 38; vol. 3, p. 119.
  5. ↑ Tarjuma-yi Irshād, p. 42.
  6. ↑ Tustarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, vol. 2, p. 287, 288, 291.
  7. ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 1, p. 209; Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 1, p. 146.
  8. ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 3, p. 489.
  9. ↑ Balādhurī, Futūḥ al-buldān, p. 507.
  10. ↑ Tārīkh-i taḥaqīqī-yi Islām, vol. 4, p. 352.
  11. ↑ Sayyid Murtaḍā, al-Shāfī, vol. 3, p. 243; Ṭūsī, Talkhīṣ al-Shāfī, vo. 3, p. 78.
  12. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, p. 185.
  13. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-rusul wa l-mulūk, vol. 3, p. 11-12.
  14. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-rusul wa l-mulūk, vol. 3, p. 11-12.
  15. ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 1,p. 146.
  16. ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 1, p. 209.
  17. ↑ Tarjuma-yi Iʿlām al-warā, p. 45.
  18. ↑ Tarjuma-yi al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 3, p. 233.
  19. ↑ Dhahabī, Tārīkh al-Islām, vol. 14, p. 361.

References

  • Balādhurī, Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-. Futūḥ al-buldān. Edited by Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Munjid. Cairo: 1956.
  • Fattāl al-Nayshābūrī, Muḥammad b. al-Aḥmad al-. Rawḍat al-wāʿiẓīn wa baṣīrat al-muttaʿzīn. 1st edition. Qom: Intishārāt-i al-Raḍī, 1375 Sh.
  • Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. Usd al-ghāba fī maʿrifat al-ṣaḥāba. Edited by Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Bannā, Muḥammad Aḥmad Āshūr. Cairo: 1970-1973.
  • Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1399/1402 AH-1979/1982.
  • Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Al-Iṣāba fī tamyīz al-ṣaḥāba. Egypt: 1328 AH.
  • Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad. Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kabīr. Edited by Idward Sekho. Leiden: 1331/1347 AH-1904/1940.
  • Ibn Qutayba al-Dīnawarī, ʿAbd Allah b. Muslim . ʿUyūn al-akhbār. Beirut: [n.d].
  • Kashshī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-. Ikhtīyār maʿrifat al-rijāl. known as Rijāl al-Kashshī. Edited by Ḥasan Muṣṭafawī. Mashhad: 1348 Sh.
  • Mamaqānī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥasan. Tanqīḥ al-maqāl fī ʿilm al-rijāl. Najaf: Lithography, 1349-1359 AH.
  • Nawawī, Yaḥya b. Sharaf. Tahdhīb al-ʾasmāʾ wa al-lughāt. Tehran: [n.d].
  • Sayyid Murtaḍā. Al-Shāfī fī al-imama. Edited by Sayyid ʿAbd al-Zahrāʾ Ḥusaynī. 2nd edition. Tehran: Muʾassisa al-Ṣādiq, 1410 AH.
  • Tustarī, Muḥammad Taqī. Qāmūs al-rijāl. Qom: 1410-1415 AH.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥaasn al-. Talkhīṣ al-Shāfī. Edited by Ḥusayn Baḥr al-ʿUlūm. 1st edition. Qom: Intishārāt-i al-Muḥibbīn. 1382 Sh.
  • Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. Tārīkh al-rusul wa l-mulūk. Edited by De Goeje. Leiden: 1879-1901.
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