Jawn b. Huway

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Jawn b. Huway
Burial Place of most of the martyrs of the Battle of Karbala, near the holy grave of Imam al-Husayn (a) in his shrine
Burial Place of most of the martyrs of the Battle of Karbala, near the holy grave of Imam al-Husayn (a) in his shrine
Companion ofImam Ali (a) • Imam al-Husayn (a)
LineageNubia (Africa)
Death/Martyrdom61/680 Day of Ashura
Cause of
Death/Martyrdom		Martyred in the Battle of Karbala
Burial PlaceHoly Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)


Jawn b. Ḥuway (Arabic: جَون بن حُوَي) was a black slave of Abu Dhar al-Ghifari. He was martyred in the battle of Karbala. In the day of Ashura, Imam al-Husayn (a) prevented Jawn from attending the fight, but he replied: "By God, I will never leave you until my blood is shed for you." When he was martyred Imam al-Husayn (a) came to his body and prayed for him.[1]

Name

Al-Shaykh al-Mufid stated his name as Juwayn,[2] al-Baladhuri and al-Tabari called him Huway,[3] Ibn Shahr Ashub stated his name as Juwayn b. Abi Malik[4] and Abu l-Faraj al-Isfahani, al-Shaykh al-Tusi and al-Sayyid b. Tawus stated his name as Jawn.[5]

Life

He was a black man from Nubia (Africa). Jawn was the slave of Fadl b. 'Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib and Imam Ali (a) bought him and gave him to Abu Dhar al-Ghifari as a gift. He served Abu Dhar until his demise in al-Rabada in 32/653. Afterwards he returned to Imam Ali (a) and stayed with his descendants. It is said he was good at repairing and preparing weapons. It is quoted from Imam al-Sajjad (a), that Jawn was preparing weapons in the tent of Imam al-Husayn (a) the night before 'Ashura.[6]

'Ashura

Imam al-Husayn (a) prevented Jawn from attending the battle in the day of 'Ashura but he replied: "By God, I will never leave you until my blood is shed for you."[7]

Jawn attended the battle after 'Amr b. Qaraza[8] or according to another narration after he said congregational prayer[9] at noon in the day of 'Ashura. He was martyred after slaying twenty five men of enemy soldiers.[10]

It is said, when he was slayed Imam al-Husayn (a) went to his body and said this supplication: Oh God, have his face bight and his smell delightful, have him resurrected with the good alongside Prophet Muhammad (s) and his descendants. [12]

His body was buried along with other martyrs of the Battle of Karbala near the burial place of Imam al-Husayn (a). However, al-'Allama al-Majlisi stated that his body was found after ten days while it had beautiful smell.[13] His name is also cited in Ziyarah al-Shuhada: Peace be upon Jawn the servant of Abu Dhar al-Ghifari. [14]

Notes

  1. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 1, p. 605; Qummī, Nafas al-mahmūm, p. 363.
  2. ↑ Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 93.
  3. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī, vol. 4, p. 420; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 196.
  4. ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib, vol. 4, p. 103.
  5. ↑ Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 113; Ṭūsī, al-Rijāl, p. 99; Ibn Ṭāwūs, al-Luhūf, p. 108.
  6. ↑ Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 93.
  7. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 1, p. 605.
  8. ↑ Ibn Ṭāwūs, al-Luhūf, p. 107-108.
  9. ↑ Dāʾirat al-maʿārif Tashayyuʿ, p. 521.
  10. ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib, vol. 4, p. 103.
  11. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 1, p. 605; Qummī, Nafas al-mahmūm, p. 363.
  12. ↑ Allahumma bayyiḍ wajhahu wa ṭayyib rīḥahu wa uḥshurhu ma'a al-abrāri wa 'arrif baynahu wa bayna Muḥammad (s) wa āli Muḥammad (a) - اَللّهُمَّ بَیِّض وَجهَهُ وَ طَیِّب ریحَهُ وَ احشُرهُ مَعَ الأبرارِ وَ عَرِّف بَینَهُ و بَینَ مُحمدٍ و آلِ مُحمدٍ[11]
  13. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 23.
  14. ↑ Al-Salām 'alā Jawn mawlā Abū Dhar al-Ghifārī - اَلسَّلَامُ عَلَى جَوْنٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي‌ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيِّ

References

  • Amīn, al-Sayyid Muḥsin al-. Aʿyān al-Shīʿa. Beirut: Dār al-Tʿāruf li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1403 AH.
  • Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn. Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, [n.d].
  • Balādhurī, Aḥmad b.Yaḥyā al-. Ansāb al-ashrāf. 1st edition. Beirut: Dār al-fikr, 1417 AH-1996.
  • Ibn Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Mūsā. Al-Luhūf ʿalā qatlay al-ṭufūf. Tehran: Nashr-i Jahān, [n.d].
  • Ibn Shahrāshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib. Qom: Nashr-i ʿAllāma, 1379 Sh.
  • Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. Al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿalā l-ʿibād. 1st edition. Qom: Kungira-yi Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1413 AH.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. 2nd edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
  • Qummī, Shaykh ʿAbbās. Nafas al-mahmūm fī muṣībat sayyidinā al-Ḥusayn al-mazlūm. 1st edition. Qom: al-Maktaba al-Ḥaydarīyya, 1421 AH.
  • Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk. Second edition. Beirut: Dār al-Turāth, 1387 AH.
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