Abu l-Tufayl al-Kinani

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Abu l-Tufayl al-Kinani
Full NameAbu l-Tufayl 'Amir b. Wathila al-Kinani
Companion ofImam Ali (a)
TeknonymAbu l-Tufayl
Lineageshi'a
Birth3/624-5
Place(s) of ResidenceMedina • Kufa • al-Mada'in • Mecca
Death/Martyrdomafter 100/718-9


Abū l-Ṭufayl ʿĀmir b. Wāthila al-Kinānī (Arabic: أبو الطفيل عامر بن واثلة الكناني) (b. 3/624-5, d. after 100/718-9) was a companion of Prophet Muhammad (s). He was also a poet and a supporter of Imam Ali (a). Abu l-Tufayl has narrated a few hadiths from the Prophet (s), and from some of the Sahaba including Khadija (a), Mu'adh b. Jabal, and Ibn Mas'ud. 'Amir b. Wathila has also narrated hadiths from Imam Ali (a), Imam al-Hasan (a), and Imam al-Sajjad (a).

Abu l-Tufayl was a companion of Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya and he was a standard-bearer of al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi's army who launched an uprising to avenge Imam al-Husayn (a) and martyrs of Karbala. 'Amir and his son, Tufayl, attended the 'Abd al-Rahman b. Muhammad b. Ash'ath's uprising against al-Hajjaj in 82/701-2.

In Imam Ali's (a) Era

Abu l-Tufayl was born in 3/624-5; in that year the Battle of Uhud took place. He lived in the last eight years of Prophet Muhammad's (s) life.[1]

'Amir b. Wathila moved to al-Mada'in in the time of Hudhayfa b. al-Yaman's rule over Kufa. He had a good relationship with Ali (a) for a long time. Abu l-Tufayl was regarded as a loyal companion of Imam Ali (a) and he also learned a lot from him. 'Amir attended all the battles alongside Imam Ali (a).[2]

After the martyrdom of Imam Ali (a), 'Amir b. Wathila returned to Mecca[3] where he lived until his death.[4]

The Uprising of al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi

In 65/684-5, Ibn Zubayr asked Muhammad b. Hanafiyya to take oath of allegiance to him, but he refused. Then Ibn Zubayr imprisoned him along with a number of his supporters including Abu l-Tufayl in Shi'b Banu Hashim. Abu l-Tufayl was imprisoned until the uprising of al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi.[5] Then he joined al-Mukhtar's rebel and was appointed as the standard-bearer of his army.[6]

Because 'Amir joined al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi's army, he was regarded a member of Kaysanites.[7] But he cannot be a Kaysanites only because he joined the rebel launched by al-Mukhtar.[8]

As Abu l-Tufayl stated in a meeting with Mu'awiya that he was present in the incident which led to death of 'Uthman b. 'Affan, but he did not play a role in his death.[9] He also said that there was a strong friendship between him and Imam Ali (a).[10]

'Amir and his son, Tufayl, attended the rise of 'Abd al-Rahman b. Muhammad b. Ash'ath against al-Hajjaj. His son, Tufayl was killed in the battle in Muharram, 82/701 and 'Amir composed a mourning poem on his son's death.[11]

Narrating Hadiths

Abu l-Tufayl has narrated a few hadiths from the Prophet (s)[12] and notable Sahaba of the Prophet (s) including Khadija (s), Mu'adh b. Jabal and Ibn Mas'ud.[13] He has also narrated hadiths from Imam Ali (a), Imam al-Hasan (a), and Imam al-Sajjad (a).

In addition, based on a narration in al-Kafi, 'Amir b. Wathila has narrated hadith from Imam al-Baqir (a) and also according to 'Ilal al-sharayi', 'Amir has narrated hadiths from Imam al-Sadiq (a). It is obvious that, he has narrated hadiths from Imam al-Sadiq (a) before Imamate of him and in the time of Imamate of Imam al-Baqir (a).[14]

Literary Character

Abu l-Tufayl was an eloquent man. Some parts of his speeches in Mu'awiya's court are stated in historical sources.[15] His poems, like poems of Jahiliyya era, are cohesive and epic with the context of mourning and honoring. Some of his poems are cited in literal sources in no particular order.[16]

A German researcher has published a collection of 'Amir b. Wathil's poems together with a poem collection of al-Tirimmah b. Hakim al-Ta'I; both of them are translated into English by Fritz Krenkow.[17]

'Abd al-'Aziz b. Yahya al-Jaludi has written a book called Akhbar Abi l-Tufayl which is about the biography of 'Amir b. Wathila.[18] Al-Tayyib 'Ashshash al-Tunisi has published this work with 'Amir's poem collection in 37 pages in Hawliyyat Jami'a al-Tunisiyya in 1973.[19]

Notes

  1. ↑ Bukhārī, Tārīkh al-kabīr, vol. 3, p. 446; Ibn Qutayba, al-Maʿārif, p. 341; Ibn Ḥibbān, Kitab al-thiqāt, vol. 3, p. 291; Shīrāzī, Ṭabaqāt al-fuqahāʾ, p. 53; Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 3, p. 82.
  2. ↑ Yaʿqūbī, Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī, vol. 2, p. 213-214; Ibn Qutayba, al-Maʿārif, p. 341; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 4, p. 1696; Khaṭīb Baghdādī, Tārīkh-i Baghdād, vol. 1, p. 198.
  3. ↑ Khaṭīb Baghdādī, Tārīkh-i Baghdād, vol. 1, p. 198; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 4, p. 1696.
  4. ↑ Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, vol. 4, p. 460.
  5. ↑ Tārīkh, vol. 1, p. 330.
  6. ↑ Ibn Qutayba, al-Maʿārif, p. 341; Ibn Kathīr, al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya, vol. 9, p. 199.
  7. ↑ Ṭūsī, Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl, p. 95.
  8. ↑ Qādī, al-Kaysānīyya fī al-tārīkh wa al-adab, p. 309-311.
  9. ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 4, p. 92.
  10. ↑ Iṣfahānī, al-ʾAghānī, vol. 13, p. 167.
  11. ↑ Jurjānī, al-Kāmil fī al-ḍuʿafāʾ al-rajul, vol. 4, p. 46, 462, 467-468.
  12. ↑ Jurjānī, al-Kāmil fī al-ḍuʿafāʾ al-rajul, vol. 5, p. 1741; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 2, p. 799.
  13. ↑ Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 3, p. 82.
  14. ↑ Kāzimī, Takmilat al-rijāl, vol. 2, p. 4.
  15. ↑ Ibn Qutayba, al-Maʿārif, p. 341; Tustarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, vol. 5, p. 201-202.
  16. ↑ Marzbānī, Akhbār shuʿarā al-shīʿa, p. 25, 27; Iṣfahānī, al-ʾAghānī, vol. 13, p. 167-169; Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 7, p. 408.
  17. ↑ Aqā Buzurg, al-Dharīʿa ilā taṣānīf al-Shīʿa, vol. 9, p. 43; Ziriklī, al-Aʿlām, vol. 5, p. 144.
  18. ↑ Aqā Buzurg, al-Dharīʿa ilā taṣānīf al-Shīʿa, vol. 1, p. 317.
  19. ↑ Ziriklī, al-Aʿlām, vol. 3, p. 256.

References

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  • Bukhārī, Muḥammad b. Ismāʿīl al-. Tārīkh al-kabīr. Hyderabad Deccan: 1390 AH/1970.
  • Balādhurī, Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-. Ansāb al-ashrāf. Edited by Iḥsān ʿAbbās. Beirut: 1400 AH/1979.
  • Dhahabī, Muḥammad b. ʿUthmān. Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ. [n.p]. al-Ḥadīth, [n.d].
  • Ibn Qutayba al-Dīnawarī, ʿAbd Allah b. Muslim . Al-Maʿārif. Edited by Tharwat ʿAkkāsha. Cairo: 1960.
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  • Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb. Hyderabad Deccan: 1326 AH.
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  • Jurjānī Ibn ʿUday, ʿAbd Allāh. Al-Kāmil fī al-ḍuʿafāʾ al-rajul. Beirut: 1405 AH.
  • Kāzimī, ʿAbd al-Nabī. Takmilat al-rijāl. Edited by Sayyid Muḥammad Ṣādiq Baḥr al-ʿUlūm. Najaf: Maṭbaʿat al-Ādāb, [n.d].
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  • Qādī, Wadād. Al-Kaysānīyya fī al-tārīkh wa al-adab. Beirut: 1974.
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