Uthman b. al-Imam Ali (a)

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Uthman b. al-Imam Ali (a)
Burial Place of most of the martyrs of the Battle of Karbala, near the holy grave of Imam al-Husayn (a) in his shrine
Burial Place of most of the martyrs of the Battle of Karbala, near the holy grave of Imam al-Husayn (a) in his shrine
Full Name'Uthman b. Ali b. Abi Talib
Companion ofImam Ali (a), Imam al-Hasan (a), Imam al-Husayn (a)
LineageBanu Hashim
Wellknown RelativesImam Ali (a), Imam al-Hasan (a), Imam al-Husayn (a), Umm al-Banin
Birth39/ 659-60
Death/Martyrdom61/680
Cause of
Death/Martyrdom
Martyrdom in the Event of 'Ashura'
Burial PlaceHoly Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a), Karbala, Iraq


ʿUthmān b. ʿAlī b. Abī Tālib (Arabic: عثمان بن علي بن أبي طالب), (b. 39/659-60 - d. 61/680), was son of Imam Ali (a) and Fatima bt. Hizam, known as Umm al-Banin. He was the brother of 'Abbas b. 'Ali (a) and martyred in Karbala. According to some hadiths, 'Uthman was 21 and had no children when he was martyred. His grave is in the mausoleum of the collective grave of the martyrs of Karbala in the shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a).

His Biography

According to the report which has mentioned the age of 'Uthman b. 'Ali, 21 years old at the time of martyrdom,[1] he must have been born about 39/659-60 in Kufa during the caliphate of Imam 'Ali (a). He was son of Imam Ali (a) and Fatima bt. Hizam.[2]

Except for the story of 'Ashura, there is no mention of him in historical sources, but apparently his name has been mentioned in the chain of narration of some hadiths. Apparently, 'Uthman did not get married and had no children.[3]

Family tree of Ahl al-Bayt (a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Khadija
 
 
 
Muhammad
 
 
 
Mariya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Al-Qasim
 
'Abd Allah
 
Lady Fatima
 
 
 
Ibrahim
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam Ali
 
 
 
 
Umm al-Banin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Husayn
 
 
Imam al-Hasan
 
Lady Zaynab
 
Umm Kulthum
 
Muhsin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Al-'Abbas
 
Abd Allah
 
Uthman
 
Ja'far
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Muhammad
 
'Awn
 
Ali
 
Al-'Abbas
 
Umm Kulthum
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Al-Hasan
 
Al-Qasim
 
'Abd Allah
 
Fatima
 
Zayd
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
'Abd Allah
 
Zaynab
 
Ibrahim
 
Al-Hasan
 
al-Hasan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Muhammad
 
Ibrahim
 
Idris
 
 
 
 
 
Nafisa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Sajjad
 
'Ali al-Akbar
 
'Ali al-Asghar
 
Fatima
 
Sukayna
 
Ruqayya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Baqir
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Zayd
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Sadiq
 
'Abd Allah
 
Ibrahim
 
'Ubayd Allah
 
'Ali
 
Yahya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Kazim
 
Muhammad
 
Ali
 
Ishaq
 
Umm Farwa
 
'Abd Allah
 
Isma'il
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Rida
 
Ma'suama
 
Hamza
 
Ishaq
 
Ahmad
 
Ibrahim
 
Muhammad
 
 
 
Imam al-Jawad
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-Hadi
 
Musa
 
Fatima
 
Hakima
 
Amama
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Imam al-'Askari
 
Husayn
 
Muhammad
 
Ja'far
 
 
 
Imam al-Mahdi
 
 


Reason of Naming Him

The name of 'Uthman was so common at that time that some sources have mentioned 'Uthamn as the name of 25 companions of the Prophet (s).[4] On the other hand, Imam 'Ali (a) is quoted saying that he named 'Uthman after 'Uthman b. Maz'un who was one of the companions of the Prophet (s).[5]

Martyrdom on the Day of 'Ashura

After the martyrdom of non-Hashemite companions of Imam al-Husayn (a), Banu Hashim went to the battlefield. The first person from among the children of Ali b. Abi Talib (a) who went to the battlefield was Abu Bakr b. Ali. After him, according to a report, it was 'Abd Allah and Ja'far, brothers of 'Uthman from the same mother.[6] After them, 'Uthman went to the battlefield. Khawli b. Yazid al-Asbahi shot an arrow at 'Uthman’s forehead and throw him down the horse. Then, a man from Banu Darim tribe beheaded him.[7]

His Name in Ziyarat Nahiyya Muqaddasa

The name of 'Uthman has been mentioned and praised in the Ziyarah al-Nahiyya al-Muqaddasa attributed to Imam al-Mahdi (a):

"Peace be with you, O 'Uthman b. Ali b. Abi Talib (a) and the mercy of Allah and His blessings [be upon you], for how great your position is, and how pure your remembrance is, and how clear your influence is, and how famous your blessing is, and how high your praise is, and how great is your glory."

See Also

Notes

  1. Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 89; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 37.
  2. Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 89.
  3. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 37; Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 109.
  4. Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 447, 463.
  5. Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 89.
  6. Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, p. 152.
  7. Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 20; Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 89; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 37.

References

  • Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn. Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn. Edited by Sayyid Aḥmad al-Ṣaqar. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, [n.d].
  • Balādhurī, Aḥmad b.Yaḥyā al-. Ansāb al-ashrāf. Beirut: Dār al-fikr, 1417 AH-1996.
  • Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Al-Iṣāba fī tamyīz al-ṣaḥāba. 1st edition. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bajāwī. Beirut: Dār al-Jail, 1412 AH.
  • Ibn al-Mashhadī, Muḥammad. Al-Mazār al-kabīr. Qom: Muʾassisat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1378 Sh.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār al-jāmiʿa li-durar akhbār al-aʾimmat al-aṭhār. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
  • Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. Al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿalā l-ʿibād. Qom: Kungira-yi Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1413 AH.
  • Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. Al-Amālī. Tehran: Kitābchī, 1376 Sh.